Evidence is presented in this report to demonstrate that the appearance, storage life, and dessert quality of fall and winter pears and Golden Delicious apples can be improved by packing the fruit in certain kinds of sealed film box liners.Of the films tested, the following may be safely used as sealed liners during storage at 31°F . : Pliofilms 75 FF, 80 and 100 FM1, 80 and 100 HP, cellophane 300 LSAT, and polyethylene 100 and 150. Perforation of the film liner immediately upon removal from cold storage is necessary to avoid injury to the fruit when such films as Pliofilm 75 FF, 80 and 100 HP, and cellophane 300 LSAT are used. The other Pliofilms and polyethylene films are sufficiently permeable to respiratory gases to permit safe handling of the fruit at room temperatures for at least 1 days without perforating the sealed liner. Perforation of all sealed film box liners at shipping point is recommended for packed pears and apples destined for unsupervised handling at retail. Gas concentrations of 1 to 5 percent C02, and of 10 to 18 percent of 2 were obtained in boxes of pears and apples at 31°F. when various kinds of recommended sealed film box liners were used.Physiological changes in pears, generally associated with progressive ripening of the fruit in cold storage, were definitely retarded by the use of sealed film liners. The "shelf life" of such fruit when ripened^yas generally increased several days by this packing procedure. Pears in these sealed films possessed a fresher appearance, a greater freedom from shrivel, and a cold storage life (with normal ripening capacity) of 6 to 8 weeks longer than comparable fruit packed without protection of the sealed film.Neither the degree of shriveling nor the enhancement of dessert quality in Golden Delicious apples was always reflected by biochemical assay. Visual examination, taste observation, and loss in weight during storage were the best indices of condition, appearance, and dessert quality as related to packaging methods.Visible shriveling of the fruit occurred when approximately 3 to 5 percent of its original weight was lost during storage. Shrivel was apparent in all Golden Delicious apples packed in both cartons and wooden boxes without protection of sealed film box liners. Polyethylene film provided the greatest protection against shrivel; paraffined fiberboard liners were ineffective in the prevention of loss in weight of the packed fruit.The appearance and dessert quality of Golden Delicious apples, especially after prolonged cold storage, were greatly enhanced by packaging in certain sealed films. This fruit had a fresh look, a firm feel to hand pressure, and a delicate, aromatic flavor characteristic of the variety when sampled early in its storage life.Certain precautions must be taken when pears and apples are packed in sealed film liners. Every effort should be made to use fruit free from surface abrasion and potential fungus infection; it should be washed with an effective fungicide and handled carefully to minimize bruising, as moisture conditio...
Pears and apples of commercial maturity, grown in the Pacific Northwest, were stored at various temperatures both in fresh outside air and in the presence of measured quantities of ethylenic and nonethylenic emanations from preripened fruit. At 31 0 F., the commercial storage temperature, there was no difference in the degree of ripeness between the fruit held in fresh outside air and that exposed to emanations from ripe fruit. There was no impairment of cold storage life, texture, flavor, dessert quality, and freedom from physiological disorders during subsequent ripening. Starking Delicious apples were not affected at 31°, 45°, and 65°F. when stored along with ripened apples of the same variety. Anjou pears were not affected at 31 °and 45°F. in the presence of the emanations from ripened fruit. The respiratory climacteric of the Anjou pears stored along with ripened fruit of the same variety was hastened by 2 days when experiments were conducted at 65°F.
\ UHIT£2) STATiSS D1IPAHTM3HT 0? AOHIGULTUHS Agricultural Research Admlniptr^.tion, toep.u of Plant Industry, Soil?, and Agricultural }2n^in«erinK T. & S. Office Report No, 16? RaPORT ON A TRANSPORTATION T3!3T WITH DSLICIOUS^PL-CS H2AT]iLR S^VICS i!ROM WmT0HS3. 'VASH. TO JaH^^.Y CITY TilW YORK CITY AND PHILADISLPHIAj A COMPAHISOH OP THs'pSRyORMAlTCS OF TWO TYPSS 0? R-CFRIG^mTOE MS AHI) nVTil KINDS OF CAR HIIATTRS, JANUARY I9U6
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