There are two types of investors, the first is the type of investor who focuses on return on investment and the second type is the investor who pays attention to Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) values in investing. This requires management to make adjustments to create a competitive advantage. One of the frameworks used to measure the competitive advantage of a company is the Porter framework. However, Porter's framework needs to be supplemented with ESG values to capture the value creation process in today's business environment. This research is applied research by applying the existing framework in the field. In this case, the framework used consists of two, namely the Porter framework and the LST integration framework. The ESG framework is implemented at the industrial level using industrial divisions based on industrial divisions in the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study focused on the raw material production sector, namely agriculture, and mining. This study showed that ESG factors affected the competitive advantage of companies and industries. If a company in an industry ignores the value of ESG, the company will experience a decrease in competitiveness. Meanwhile, if the industry does not pay attention to the ESG factor, the industry will experience a decline compared to other industries that pay attention to the ESG factor.
The amount of MSMEs units about 99.99 percent of the overall number of business operators in Indonesia showed that MSMEs play a significant role in economic growth and development. At the same time, MSMEs cumulative contribution to environmental issues is not recorded MSMEs participation in the cleaner environment has not yet been noticed. Thus, the environmental management system for MSMes is crucial. This study is a literature review about the implementation of the ISO 14001 environmental management system in MSMEs, challenges and its future potential. The result and discussion discussed the case study of ISO 14001 implementation in Indonesia and other countries. Case studies from Indonesia and other countries showed that implementation of ISO 14001 is possible for MSMEs. The biggest challenges of its implementation is cost, the competence of employees, and resources available for the organization. An alternative for overcoming these challenges is implementing other models of EMS that is more suitable for MSMEs. The important aspects is the environmental awareness of the stakeholders and the internal and external drivers within the organization. Further studies can be done to research specific case studies of EMS such as ISO 14001 or AMEMs implementation in MSMEs. AbstrakJumlah unit UMKM sekitar 99,99 persen dari keseluruhan jumlah operator bisnis di Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa UMKM memainkan peran penting dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan ekonomi. Pada saat yang sama, kontribusi kumulatif UMKM terhadap masalah lingkungan tidak dicatat. Partisipasi UMKM dalam lingkungan yang lebih bersih belum diperhatikan. Dengan demikian, sistem manajemen lingkungan untuk UMKM sangat penting. Studi ini adalah tinjauan literatur tentang penerapan sistem manajemen lingkungan ISO 14001 dalam UMKM, tantangan dan potensi masa depannya. Hasil dan diskusi membahas studi kasus implementasi ISO 14001 di Indonesia dan negara lain. Studi kasus dari Indonesia dan negara lain menunjukkan bahwa penerapan ISO 14001 dimungkinkan untuk UMKM. Tantangan terbesar dari implementasinya adalah biaya, kompetensi karyawan, dan sumber daya yang tersedia untuk organisasi. Alternatif untuk mengatasi tantangan-tantangan ini adalah menerapkan model EMS lain yang lebih cocok untuk UMKM. Aspek penting adalah kesadaran lingkungan dari para pemangku kepentingan dan pendorong internal dan eksternal dalam organisasi. Studi lebih lanjut dapat dilakukan untuk meneliti studi kasus EMS tertentu seperti penerapan ISO 14001 atau AMEM di UMKM.
The cement industry's activities have an impact on health and the environment, therefore a solution is needed to deal with the negative impacts of the cement industry operations. The cement industry undertaken various strategies in dealing with the negative impacts that occur to remain trusted by buyers. The strategy carried out by the cement industry is not only according to national standards but also international standards. ISO is one of the international standards in operational activities. The cement industry strives to obtain ISO 9001: 2015 certification regarding quality management which ensures the quality of cement products is in accordance with international standards and ISO 14001:2015 certification regarding environmental management which ensures that the industrial strategy implemented by the industry is in accordance with international standards. Three cement industries in Indonesia that have been certified ISO 9001: 2015 and ISO 14001: 2015 are PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk., PT Holcim Indonesia Tbk., And PT Semen Baturaja Tbk. The author will analyze the comparison of strategies implemented by the three cement industries in implementing ISO 9001: 2015 and ISO 14001: 2015. The method used in this research is descriptive exploratory. The collection of data and information is carried out through several references from related companies.
<p align="justify">In recent years, concerns regarding to wastewater sludge disposal have increased globally. Production of sludge has increased recently due to the growth of population. Wastewater sludge classified as a hazardous substance, it is not easy to dispose because of certain treatment is required. Typically, sludge is treated at secured landfill which its limited in availability and expensive. On the other hand, wastewater sludge originated from biological treatment contains organic substance that can be converted into alternative energy resources. A technology is needed that is able to reduce the volume of sludge and convert sludge into energy source. We present an overview of various technologies that can be used for conversion of sludge into energy resources. Those technologies are anaerobic digestion, pelletization, combustion, pyrolysis and gasification. Progress and challenges of each technology is presented in detail. A summary of sludge characteristic originated from different source will be discussed as well. Emissions and residues that determines the environmental impact is also considered. Referring to some previous research, it known that wastewater sludge, as unwanted product, has the potential to become future energy resource. This potential can only be used properly if the method of conversion are effective and efficient.</p>
Aim: This study aims to determine whether the application of eco enzyme affects the industrial waste activated sludge degradation and to compare the effects of eco enzyme made from oranges and tomatoes. Methodology and results: The experiments were done on the laboratory scale for 12 days by applying 10% of eco enzyme in the sludge samples. It showed both tomatoes and oranges eco enzymes can decrease the pH from 6.9 to 4.7 compared to control which was stable at 6.9. The reduction of COD, TSS, and VSS by tomato eco enzyme applications were 61%, 39% 41% respectively compared to by orange eco enzyme application that showed a higher reduction of 78%, 45%, 46% respectively. The control samples also show the reduction of COD, TSS, and VSS by 21%, 23%, 30% respectively. The reduction of organic content in the control samples of sludge (8.9%) was higher than the samples with eco enzyme (3.5%). Conclusion, significance, and impact study: The results showed that eco enzyme application significant statistically affected reduction of pH, COD, organic content, but not significant statistically on TSS and VSS reductions. Comparing the application of orange and tomatoes eco enzyme did not show the significant different treatment.
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