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Considerable attention has been paid to the determinants of export performance. However, despite this research effort in identifying and examining the influence of such determinants, the literature is characterized by fragmentation and diversity, hindering theory development and practical advancement in the field. This paper attempts to review and synthesize the knowledge on the subject. As a result, this study reviews and evaluates 52 articles published between 1998 and 2005 to assess the determinants of export performance. The assessment reveals that: (a) more studies have been conducted outside the USA; (b) the majority of the studies focus on manufacturing firms, with relatively few studies examining the service sector; (c) the majority of the export studies continue to focus on small to medium-sized firms; (d) there is a continuous increase in the sample size; (e) despite the problems that may arise from the use of single informants, it seems that none of the studies reviewed here collected data from more than one informant in the firm; (f) an increasing number of studies have been using the export venture as the unit of analysis; (g) the level of statistical sophistication has improved; (h) the use of control and moderating variables in export performance studies has increased; (i) more studies have started to include the external environment in their models, including domestic market characteristics; and (j) market orientation as a key determinant of export performance emerges in this review. Finally, conclusions are drawn, along with some suggestions for further research.

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Recently, there has been a keen research interest in exploring the relationship between market orientation and new product development. The empirical results, however, are mixed, and this means that we do not fully understand these linkages. Furthermore, research concerning the antecedents of new-to-the-world products has focused on the study of a single product. However, it is of obvious interest for organizations to understand what drives a firm's overall performance in the exercise of developing very innovative products. In this empirical study, the authors take a component-wise approach to investigate the effects of market orientation in new-to-the-world product innovation, and examine how other variables interplay with market orientation to affect product development. Firstly, the findings show that both customer and competitor orientations, together with interfunctional coordination, are important drivers of a firm's new-to-the-world product innovation. Secondly, the results indicate that the components of market orientation are differentially moderated by a firm's innovativeness, competitive strength, and also by environmental forces.

Purpose Brand love is associated with consumer behaviours that are key for organisational performance. However, research on the antecedents of brand love is sparse. The current research draws on the information processing model as well as on the experiential approaches to consumer behaviour to develop a model comprising a novel set of antecedents. Design/methodology/approach To test the research hypotheses, we resort to two samples, which implied the collection of usable 1,018 questionnaires. For hypotheses testing, we resort to structural equation modelling. Findings Both functional constructs as well as more symbolic/emotional ones are positively associated with brand love. In addition, constructs with a more functional nature tend to have an indirect effect on brand love, whereas constructs with a higher level of abstraction tend to mediate the effects of more specific brand qualities. Finally, brand love is related with important outcomes, including loyalty, word of mouth and willingness to pay a premium price. Research/limitations implications This research has a cross-sectional nature. Moreover, we rely on a single informant, but the procedural remedies as well as the statistical tests we conducted suggest that common method variance is not a concern. Practical implications The findings suggest that managers should emphasise both functional as well as emotional/symbolic aspects to strengthen the links between brands and consumers, which will be beneficial for both sides. Originality/value This study is the first to investigate the relationship between a number of symbolic and functional brand aspects and the development of brand love feelings.

This study investigates the main and interactive effects of job characteristics on the creativity of frontline service employees. Past research investigates the link between job complexity, an index measure of job characteristics, and employee creativity. This study follows a component-wise approach in studying the influence of each job characteristic on the creativity of employees. The approach overcomes a number of limitations such as the sole reliance on the intrinsic motivation rationale. In addition, we conduct this research in services, whereas past research has focused primarily on other settings. The study tests a model with 460 employees from a service setting and shows that consideration of the effects of each job characteristic has an explanatory power beyond that of job complexity. Furthermore, the results show that job characteristics interact with each other to affect creativity. Finally, the results also indicate that the component-wise approach is useful for managers for prioritizing efforts. In particular, the results indicate that to promote creative behaviors, service managers should consider increasing employee job autonomy, variety, feedback, and identity. However, the interactions between job characteristics also reveal that to build an environment that stimulates creative performance, it is important to find the right balance between job characteristics.

It is plausible that also the effects of trait affect on PEB may be mediated by other factors, including environmental concern (EC) and perceived consumer effectiveness (PCE). Hence, the aim of this paper is to investigate both the direct and indirect influences of trait affect on PEB through EC and PCE, which are key to systematic behaviours towards the environment. 2. Research background and hypotheses Axelrod and Lehman (1993, p. 153) define PEB as those "actions that contribute to the preservation and/or conservation of the environment". More recently, Stern (2000, p. 408) defined environmentally significant behaviour as "behaviour that has a positive impact on the availability of materials or energy and that positively alters the structure and dynamics of ecosystems or the biosphere". These concepts include actions aimed at avoiding damaging, or rehabilitating, the environment, which can be performed individually or collectively, and which impact directly or indirectly upon it. Following the pioneering work of Gardner and Stern (1996), and similarly to Stern (2000), Lee, Kim, Kim and Choi (2014) classify such actions into three broad categories of PEB: green purchases (the purchase of recycled goods or non-toxic substances), good citizenship (the minimisation of energy consumption, water conservation, along with the reduction of waste production and promotion of recycling), and environmental 4 activism (environmental group membership). In line with Milfont and Duckitt (2004, 2010) and Zhao, Gao, Wu, Wang and Zhu (2014), this study approaches PEB as being comprised of both green purchases and good citizenship behaviour, as detailed in the methodology. 2.1 Affect and pro-environmental behaviour Forgas and George (2001) argue that individuals' thinking and behaviours take place in an affective context, and that it is through cognition that the latter influences individuals' judgments and behaviours. Affect has most commonly been structured around a positive and negative valence (e.g., Thoresen et al., 2003). Positive affect (PA) concerns the extent to which individuals describe themselves as feeling joyful, energetic, alert, enthusiastic or fully concentrated. Negative affect (NA) comprises emotions such as fear, anxiety and sadness (Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988). Early research suggested that individuals high in PA process negative information in a superficial way (Isen, 2008). More recently, a considerable amount of research has proved otherwise (e.g., Isen, 2008). These works have shown that PA enhances thoroughness in processing both positive as well as negative information (Aspinwall, 1998). In this context, individuals scoring higher on PA tend to "approach their environment with more favourable expectations, and display a stronger willingness and enthusiasm to seek out and actively engage in various life events" (Kuiper, McKee, Kazarian, & Olinger, 2000, p. 480). Conversely, individuals with higher levels of NA tend to perceive the world surrounding them in a negative manner (Kuiper et al., 2000), and...

PurposeThis paper seeks to examine how personal values and the way employees respond to the organization and the job impact on employee creativity. Specifically, the paper proposes a framework that argues that creativity is a function of the employee's personal values, of organizational commitment and customer orientation. Moreover, it also aims to investigate the moderating effects of commitment and customer orientation on the relationship between personal values and employee creativity.Design/methodology/approachThe conceptual model was tested empirically using data collected by questionnaire in a sample of 266 bank employees. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis is relied on to test the hypothesized model.FindingsThe empirical results indicate that personal values, organizational commitment, and customer orientation are important drivers of the creativity of frontline employees. In addition, the paper also detected some moderating and mediating effects.Originality/valueThe contribution of this paper is fourfold. First, the influence that personal values might have on an employee's creativity is studied. Second, a conceptual model that incorporates variables concerning how employees respond to the context in which they work is developed: organizational commitment and customer orientation. The simultaneous effects of the organizational commitment and customer orientation of frontline employees on creativity are examined, to the best of the paper's knowledge, for the first time in the literature. Third, the interaction effect between personal characteristics and commitment and customer orientation on creativity is investigated. Finally, the study also contributes to current literature by examining these issues in the context of frontline service jobs.