This study evaluated the serum cortisol response to a single session of whole-body vibration (WBV) in healthy adult dogs. Ten healthy adult medium dogs, females and males, aged between 24 and 48 months and with body weight between 10.1 and 17.9 kg were used. A single WBV session at a frequency of 30 Hz for 5 min (3.10 mm peak displacement, 11.16 m/s2 peak acceleration, and 0.29 m/s velocity), then 50 Hz for 5 min (3.98 mm peak displacement, 39.75 m/s2 peak acceleration, and 0.62 m/s velocity), and finishing with 30 Hz for 5 min (3.10 mm peak displacement, 11.16 m/s2 peak acceleration, and 0.29 m/s velocity) was performed. Serum cortisol, heart and respiratory rate, and systolic blood pressure were evaluated at different time points: 1 min before WBV (1PRE) and 1 min (1POST), 60 min (60POST), and 360 min (360POST) after the WBV session. An increase (P = 0.0417) of the serum cortisol values was observed between 1PRE and 1POST and a decrease (P = 0.0417) between 1POST and 60POST and between 60POST and 360POST. However, the values remained within the reference range. The heart and respiratory rate and the systolic blood pressure remained unchanged. Our findings suggest that a single bout of WBV (5 min of 30 and 50 Hz) using a vibrating platform that delivered a vortex wave circulation does not modify the serum cortisol levels and clinical parameters of healthy adult dogs.
RESUMO-O tricoblastoma é uma neoplasia benigna cutânea derivada do folículo piloso primitivo, possuindo elementos epiteliais e mesenquimais. O trabalho teve como objetivo descrever um caso raro de tricoblastoma agressivo, em um cão macho da raça Maltês, sete meses de idade e pesando 7 kg, com histórico de aumento de volume, de crescimento rápido, em região frontal da cabeça. A neoformação apresentava-se ulcerada; de consistência dura e não aderida; presença de alopecia e coloração rósea; e ausência de dor à palpação. O hemograma, os exames bioquímicos séricos, urinálise e exames de imagem não revelaram alterações. No exame citopatológico foi observado presença de células epiteliais basais com núcleo monomórfico e citoplasma basofílico. O tratamento consistiu no procedimento cirúrgico por excisão total da neoformação. Vinte e um meses após o procedimento cirúrgico, não foi observado quaisquer sinais de recidiva e metástases. Visto que o tricoblastoma é raro em cães e com idade inferior a seis anos, o mesmo foi identificado na sua forma macroscopicamente agressiva em cão jovem de sete meses de idade, com características histopatológicas similares à dos cães adultos, sendo o primeiro caso reportado em Moçambique. A exérese total do tricoblastoma foi o tratamento para o presente relato de caso.
Background: Splenic hematoma is an encapsulated blood accumulation, which is macroscopically indistinguishable from malignant spleen. The treatment of choice and final diagnosis were by splenectomy and exploratory laparotomy followed by biopsy and histopathological examination, respectively. Nylon tie bands are devices made of polyamide 6.6, same material of surgical nylon wires, and has been used in different surgical procedures in animals. The present report case aimed to describe the use of nylon tie bands polyamide 6.6 in a 2.3-year-old Golden retriever dog diagnosed with splenic hematoma and lymphoid hyperplasia; and the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, histological diagnosis of splenic hematoma and lymphoid hyperplasia.Case: A 2.3-year-old intact male Golden retriever dog was presented with history of anorexia, apathy, regurgitation and weight loss. During the physical examination was identified a mass in the left side of abdomen. The complete blood count (CBC), serum biochemistry, urinalysis, and thoracic radiographs were no alteration. Abdominal ultrasound revealed splenomegaly and heterogeneous hypoechoic structure. Splenectomy using an adjustable nylon ties polyamide 6.6 for hemostasis technique was performed during an exploratory laparotomy. The spleen presented hematoma and lymphoid hyperplasia at the histopathological examination, as well as the presence of siderocalcinotic plate in the trabecular spleen. The dog presented with no regurgitation, apathy or anorexia after 10 days of surgery. CBC, serum biochemistry analysis, thoracic radiographs and abdominal ultrasound revealed no abnormalities. Video laparoscopy did not showed any sign of adherence on the local where used the nylon tie bands. One year and three months after the surgery, the owner was contacted by telephone, since he had changed to other city, and he reported that the dog was healthy without any clinical signs.Discussion: The present case report describes the using of nylon tie polyamide 6.6 bands in a 2.3-year-old Golden retriever dog diagnosed with splenic hematoma and lymphoid hyperplasia. According to the author’s knowledge, the present case is the first report regarding to using nylon tie bands in splenectomy, and clinical characteristics of hematoma and lymphoid hyperplasia in young dog. The adjustable nylon tie bands allowed a secure and faster ligature when compared with traditional nylon surgical suture wires in different surgical procedures in animals and humans patients, and was considered well tolerated and non-toxic. Reports concerning to complications to the use of nylon tie in veterinary surgery were present in the literature. Otherwise, these complications were related to surgical technique failure and inadequate aseptic technique; inadequate use of nylon tie bands before assigning it as a hemostatic material. Partial splenectomy is recommended for treatment of splenic hematoma and lymphoid hyperplasia in dogs whenever possible; however, the macroscopic findings concerning splenic disorders are not enough to set the distinction between benign and malignant disorders. Clinical sign associated with splenic disorders in the present case was abdominal distension due to hematoma and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia. An adjustable nylon tie polyamide 6.6 band can be used to clamp the spleen vessels, gastroepiploic artery, gastric artery and omento veins.
Background: Whole-body vibration is a modality of exercise used in humans for therapeutic purposes or to increase physical performance. In veterinary medicine there are only a few reports on the use of this technology. The Whole-body vibration derivate from vibrating rhythmic movements caused by vibrating platforms. Vibrating platforms are used over 30 years in the treatment and prevention of injuries and other debilitating conditions in humans. This paper aims to describe the first report of a possible spontaneous opening of the cervix in a female dog with purulent metritis by Whole-body vibration using a platform vibration.Case: A sexually intact female American Pit Bull Terrier dog showed an acute effect after a single session of Whole- body vibration training. Physical examination and physiological parameters were within normal. Slight edema of the vulva was observed without signs of discharge. Complete blood cell count, serum chemistry and urinalysis yielded no significant abnormal findings. An enlarged uterus with content was observed during a transabdominal ultrasound. Despite this, a vibrating-platform session was performed during 15 min. A purulent vulvar discharge was observed 6 min. after Whole-body vibration exercise and remained continuous through session. After the Whole-body vibration exercise, the dog was treated with cephalexin for 15 days. Escherichia coli were isolated from vaginal discharge culture. Seven days after the Whole-body vibration session, no signs of vulvar edema or discharge were observed. A complete blood count, serum chemistry, urinalysis and uterus ultrasound showed no abnormalities. Ovariohysterectomy by minimally invasive technique was performed and was observed cysts in both ovaries. The patient was placed under general anesthesia withisoflurane/O2. The premedication used was carprofen, morphine sulphate, acepromazine and diazepam. The induction was with propofol. An open ventral midline celiotomy an ovariohysterectomy was performed. Ten days after the surgery the dog showed no abnormality. After recovered from anesthesia, the patient was discharged with meloxican and tramadol for postoperative inflammation and pain management. According to the owner, the immediate postoperative period was without any problems. The histopathology examination confirmed the presence of right ovary cystic and left uterine horn cystic, and uterine hyperplasia. Four months after the surgery, the dog returned for evaluation and the owner reported that patient had been doing well, with normal appetite, normal urination and defecation.Discussion: The Whole-body vibration is not yet fully understood and it is important that the patient is clinically evaluated before the Whole-body vibration session. Whole-body vibration is a modality of exercise used in humans for therapeutic purposes or to increase physical performance. Otherwise, in veterinary medicine there are only a few reports on the use of this technology. In the present report there were no clinical signs that indicated uterine infection. In human patients there are reports that showed any clinical signs of diseases before use the Whole-body vibration. The ultrasound exam had been done because was part of another study and showed an enlarged uterus. Therefore, the cervix opening after a single Whole- body vibration training may be considered a positive side effect of Whole-body vibration in female dogs since this event helped to diagnose the disease. Although, the effects of WBV on reproductive organs and endocrine system are not clear.
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