Con el objetivo visibilizar a las víctimas gitanas del holocausto, el presente artículo recapitula, a través de la revisión de la literatura científica, los hechos históricos que evidencian el Porrajmos: la "devoración" del pueblo romaní a manos del régimen Nazi. Para ello, este artículo reflexiona sobre el anti-gitanismo en la actualidad y analiza las persecuciones que ha sufrido el pueblo Gitano antes de la guerra como elemento que preparó el camino hacía el Porrajmos. En este sentido, se constata que el Holocausto no hubiera sido viable sin la colaboración de toda la sociedad Europea. Igualmente, analizamos las aportaciones de las Ciencias Sociales que están contribuyendo a la superación del racismo, como herramientas de cambio para que el Porrajmos no vuelva a repetirse.
Roma people in Spain face situations of high deprivation, including high unemployment and early school leaving rates. The strategies to address this situation point to education as the means to overcome poverty and social exclusion. Although efforts have been made within compulsory education, scarce attention has been given to their performance once in higher education. Although young Roma people are reaching higher education more often than their parents, once at university they face specific barriers that hinder their opportunities. Using a mixed-methods approach, UNIROMA analyses those difficulties and formulates orientations to overcome them, thereby contributing to increasing the university graduation rates of Roma students. This paper presents the results of the quantitative fieldwork, consisting of an online questionnaire administered from May to July of 2020 to Roma students enrolled in Spanish universities. In the results, three main profiles were identified: traditional students, young students with other commitments (job and/or family responsibilities) and mature students. The results, concordant with research on other minority groups and higher education, provide evidence of the barriers that Roma students face in university due to the intersectionality of multiple factors of discrimination, namely, belonging to an ethnic minority and being more frequently first-generation, low SES and non-traditional students.
Citizens, through social movements and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), have expressed a clear message to researchers on the contributions of science to the fight against poverty and exclusion. Many investigations have carried out diagnoses of poverty in specific areas, though at times, this work was regrettably too late. Citizens in fact clamor for solutions, not a diagnosis. Notably, the project Successful Socio-Educative Actions to Overcome Poverty, funded by the Spanish government, has not been another diagnosis on poverty in deprived territories of Spain but rather a communicative case study developed in one of the most deprived neighborhoods in this country, in which researchers, neighbors, and different social actors have contributed to analyzing actions that are successfully improving the living conditions in this community.
The Roma is the most excluded non-migrant ethnic minority in Europe, facing prejudice, intolerance, discrimination, and social exclusion in their daily lives. This has led to a huge gap in several social domains between the Roma and non-Roma created for centuries. The COVID-19 pandemic has only increased the social and health inequalities that the Roma faced. In this context, it is important to identify actions that have been successful in mitigating the effects that the COVID-19 has had in increasing such inequalities. This paper presents the findings of a mixed-method study carried out in Catalonia (Spain) with the participation of more than 500 Roma, who reported their experience. The study results confirm the significant vulnerability and the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Roma communities. Our research also highlights several successful actions developed by the Integrated Plan for the Roma of the Catalan Government, such as health literacy and adult education, as having a positive impact on the quality of life of many Roma during the health and social crisis generated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper suggests that the lessons learned from Catalonia could be transferred to other contexts across Europe and guide decision makers to promote the social inclusion and quality of life of the Roma, protecting Roma communities during current and future pandemics.
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