This paper reports the first case of coenurosis in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. This disease is caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Taenia multiceps (Leske, 1780). The animal in which the disease was diagnosed was an 18-month-old ewe from an endemic area of Southern Brazil as an imported animal among a group of 30 sheep. The clinic-pathological condition was that commonly found in herbivores affected by the disease, especially sheep. Apathy, nystagmus, intermittent blindness, circling and pressing head against obstacles were the neurological signs reported. The necropsy showed that a brain lesion in the subcortex of the right hemisphere was a bladder-like cyst measuring 4 cm in diameter filled with a translucent fluid with a large number of white spherules (protoscolices) floating. In addition to the identification of the Coenurus cerebralis protoscolices, the brain tissue lesion was histopathologically described.
Objective: The incidence of tuberculosis worldwide has emphasized the need for better assays designed to diagnose the disease, principally the extrapulmonary form. The objective of the present study was to validate the performance of an automated method for the determination of adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in pleural fluid (PF) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), comparing it with a conventional method (the modified Giusti method). Methods: In total, 134 samples were selected from among those tested in our laboratory: 94 PF samples and 40 CSF samples. The ADA activity was determined using the two methods. Inter-and intra-assay precision was determined, linear regression analysis was performed, simple concordance tests were conducted, and the means of the differences were calculated. Results: The correlation coefficients for PF and CSF samples were, respectively, 0.96 and 0.95. Inter-assay precision was determined using 21 replicates at 3 different activity levels: low, medium and high. The percentage coefficient of variation (%CV) was, respectively, 5.9, 8.1 and 5.8 for PF samples, compared with 21.9, 18.6 and 13.8 for CSF samples. Intra-assay precision in %CV was 1.3 and 11.7, respectively, for PF and CSF samples. The concordance between the methods in PF and CRF samples was, respectively, 96.8% and 100%, considering the reference values for the diagnosis of TB to be 40 U/L (conventional) and 30 U/L (automated) in PF samples, versus 9 U/L (for both methods) in CSF samples. Conclusions: The results validate the use of the automated method of determining ADA activity in PF and CSF samples as an alternative to the conventional method. Keywords: Adenosine deaminase; Tuberculosis/diagnosis; Pleural effusion; Cerebrospinal fluid. ResumoObjetivo: A incidência global de tuberculose reforça a necessidade de melhores ensaios para o diagnóstico desta doença, principalmente da tuberculose extrapulmonar. O objetivo do trabalho foi validar o desempenho de um método automatizado para a determinação da atividade de adenosina desaminase (ADA) no líquido pleural (LP) e no líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR), comparando-o com um método convencional (Giusti modificado). Métodos: Selecionaram-se 134 amostras da rotina laboratorial: 94 de LP e 40 de LCR. Foram realizadas as determinações da atividade de ADA através dos dois métodos. Calculou-se a precisão inter-e intra-ensaios, análise de regressão linear, testes de concordância simples e médias das diferenças. Resultados: Os coeficientes de correlação para as amostras de LP e LCR foram, respectivamente, 0,96 e 0,95. A precisão interensaio foi determinada pela média de 21 amostras replicadas em ensaios diferentes para 3 níveis de atividade: baixa, média e alta. Os coeficientes de variação em porcentagem (%CV) foram, respectivamente, 5,9, 8,1 e 5,8 para amostras de LP; e 21,9, 18,6 e 13,8 para amostras de LCR, respectivamente. A precisão intra-ensaio em %CV foi, respectivamente, 1,3 e 11,7% para amostras de LP e LCR. A concordância entre os dois métodos em amostras de LP e LCR f...
A two-year old mare was referred to the veterinary hospital because of an increase in the volume of the head on the frontal and left side as well as dyspnoea. Radiographic examination showed an osseous radiopaque spherical mass, with a granular aspect, affecting the left frontal, maxillary, and nasal bones. A frontal sinusotomy was performed, and the frontal sinus was found to be totally obliterated by a granular, yellowish, and hard mass containing multiple spicules. Histologically, it was a multilobulated osseous neoplasia diagnosed as a multilobular osseous tumour. Because of poor prognosis, the animal was euthanized. Necropsy showed that the left nasal cavity was totally effaced as were the nasal sinuses and that the nasal turbinate disappeared because of the hard, yellowish, and granular mass measuring 20 × 14 × 14 cm that surrounded the molar teeth and extended to the cribriform plate. This tumour, which was described only once in horses, is more frequently observed in older dogs’ skulls, and must be considered as a differential diagnosis in horses with sinonasal diseases.
A 10-year-old mixed/breed mare was presented to the Veterinary Hospital of Uniderp/Anhanguera, in Campo Grande (MS), with signs of respiratory distress. The owner reported that the problem had been present for > 1-year. The horse was cachectic, anemic, and dyspneic with breathing limited to the right nostril. The horse also had halitosis and a bilateral mucopurulent nasal discharge (Fig. 1) Oral examination revealed a complicated crown fracture of the left maxillary fourth premolar tooth (208). Fragments of the tooth crown were displaced into the alveolus of 208. An oronasal fistula was present adjacent to the fractured 208 (Fig. 2). The sagittally oriented crown fragments of the 208 were removed. A large amount of food and debris was observed in the left maxillary sinus. Given the severity of the case, the recommendation of euthanasia was accepted by the owner.Post-mortem examination of the thoracic and abdominal cavities demonstrated no significant changes. However, examination of the oral cavity revealed areas of gingivitis and a large oronasal communication in the area surrounding 208.A cross-section of the head near the 208 alveolus showed food material and debris filling the left maxillary and conchal sinuses. The right nasal passage was narrow and compressed, with a clear deviation of the nasal canal and nasal septum secondary to the foreign material in the left maxillary and conchal sinuses (Fig. 3). The left mandibular fourth premolar tooth (308) was elongated 4-cm compared to other mandibular cheek teeth and contributed to compaction of the 208 crown fragments into the alveolus and the subsequent oronasal fistula (Fig. 3).
Até o presente momento, são raras as publicações que tratam da ocorrência de pilomatricoma em animais. O pilomatricoma é um tumor que pode ser de origem benigna ou maligna, sendo descrito inicialmente como "epitelioma necrosante e calcificante de Malherbe". É um tumor de evolução lenta e progressiva, de formato variável, com origem a partir da matriz pilosa. Este relato descreve o caso de uma ovelha de origem nativa, com lesão de aspecto tumoral, de localização na narina direita com consistência firme, coloração vermelho-azulada e 2,5 cm de diâmetro. O exame histopatológico identificou a presença de células tumorais de origem epitelial, com áreas de degeneração. Discreto pleomorfismo, em contraste com alto índice mitótico, dominava o padrão morfológico da lesão. O estroma foi constituído por tecido conectivo, infiltrado por um pequeno número de células inflamatórias. O padrão histopatológico observado no presente caso permitiu caracterizar a massa como pilomatricoma maligno.
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