RESUMOO objetivo geral deste estudo foi o de analisar os dados de pico de torque (PT) e índice de fadiga coletados em testes isocinéticos de atacantes (A), meias (M) e defesas (D), a fim de traçar um perfil destes atletas. A amostra foi constituída de 27 jogadores profissionais de futebol com média de idade de 26,55 ± 5,1 anos, divididos nos grupos A (seis), M (sete) e D (14). Os atletas foram submetidos a teste isocinético com cinco repetições máximas de flexão (concêntrica e excêntrica) e extensão (concêntrica) do joelho na velocidade de 60°/s e 30 repetições máximas de flexão e extensão (concêntricas) do joelho na velocidade de 300°/s. A partir dos dados coletados, foi observado que o grupo D apresentou valores significativamente mais elevados de PT concêntrico de flexores do lado dominante (LD) a 60°/s em comparação ao M (p = 0,05). No entanto, para as demais variáveis de PT e índice de fadiga não foram encontradas diferenças entre as posições. Com relação ao déficit bilateral (DB), os atletas apresentaram valores dentro da normalidade. Quanto às razões, foi observado que os jogadores encontravam-se dentro dos valores normativos para razão convencional, porém estavam abaixo dos valores normais para a razão funcional. Conclui-se que, apesar de desempenharem funções diferentes dentro do campo, isso não parece influenciar decisivamente a maioria das características neuromusculares dos membros inferiores nos atletas de futebol avaliados.Palavras-chave: futebol, funcional, razão convencional, fadiga e déficit bilateral. ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to analyze the data collected from the peak torque (PT) and the fatigue index in isokinetic tests from forwards (F), midfielders (M) and defenders (D) in order to draw a profile of these athletes. Twenty-seven elite male soccer players (mean age 26.55±5.1 years) were tested, and divided in groups F (6), M (7) and D (14). They were submitted to an isokinetic test with five maximal repetitions of knee flexion (concentric and eccentric) and extension (concentric) at 60°/s and 30 maximal concentric repetitions (flexion and extension) at 300°/s. The collected data evidenced that group D showed significantly higher values of concentric flexors PT at 60 °/s on the dominant side (DS) compared to M (p = 0.05). However, for the other PT variables and fatigue index no differences were found between positions. Concerning bilateral deficit (BD), the athletes presented values within normality. Regarding ratios, it was observed that the players were within the normative values for conventional ratio, but were below the normal values for the functional ratio. We concluded that despite the different positions in the field the players have, this fact does not seem to dramatically influence on the majority of neuromuscular characteristics of lower limbs in the assessed soccer players.Keywords: soccer, functional, conventional ratio, fatigue and bilateral deficit. APARELHO LOCOMOTOR NO EXERCÍCIO E NO ESPORTE Artigo originAl INTRODUÇÃONa prática do futebol os membros inferiores são mu...

Objective: To verify the influence of playful activities during the preoperative period on the anxiety of children participating in the therapeutic recreation project conducted at the outpatient surgical center

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Objective: To verify the influence of playful activities during the preoperative period on the anxiety of children participating in the therapeutic recreation project conducted at the outpatient surgical center of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil. Methods:The modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS) was administered to 50 children between 5 and 12 years of age undergoing medical procedures at the outpatient surgical center. The children were divided in two groups: recreation group (individuals who participated in playful interventions in the recreation room) and control group (individuals who did not participate in playful interventions). Anxiety was measured using the mYPAS at two different moments: soon after the individuals arrived at the outpatient surgical center (minute 0) and 15 minutes after the first measurement. Results:The results showed that soon after arriving at the outpatient surgical center, the patients did not have significant differences regarding anxiety, showing high values. However, after 15 minutes waiting or undergoing intervention, the children in the recreation group had reduced anxiety levels and those in the control group remained anxious. The anxiety caused by the hospital environment and surgical procedure may be harmful during the preoperative period because it might affect cognitive, social, and affective development, in addition to increasing negative behaviors during the child's postoperative period. 6-8 The child's negative experience during the period prior to the surgery might cause some disorders, such as eating and sleep disorders, and several changes in the child's attitude for some days. 9 ConclusionsAlthough there are so many negative disorders, responses to surgery may also be positive when they provide self- No conflicts of interest declared concerning the publication of this article.Suggested citation: Weber FS. The influence of playful activities on children's anxiety during the preoperative period at the outpatient surgical center. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2010;86(3):209-214.

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The antimicrobial susceptibility of 64 strains of S. pneumoniae obtained from three hospitals in Porto Alegre, Brazil, isolated between 2004 and 2005. was determined, using the agar-dilution method. The prevalence of resistant (intermediate and full resistance) strains to trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole, penicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, and ceftriaxone were 68%, 28%, 18%, 15%, 3%, and 1%, respectively. All strains were susceptible to vancomycin. Among 18 penicillin-resistant strains, 7 were resistant to at least two other antimicrobial drugs. All erythromycin-resistant strains, except one, contained the erm(B) and/or mef(A/E) genes, with a predominance of the former. The resistance rate to penicillin and erythromycin in Porto Alegre remained stable. The combination of trimethoprim/ sulphamethoxazole should not be recommended to treat pneumococcal infections, because of the high rate of resistant strains.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the applicability and predictive accuracy of an isoinertial resistance machine for the assessment of hamstring/quadriceps conventional (concentric) ratio (CR). METHOD: Thirty-two resistance trained young men (23.53 ± 3.2 yrs) were tested using dedicated instruments to obtain the peak torque (PT) of the right knee extensors and flexors as well as the corresponding one repetition maximum (1RM) values. All measurements were conducted in the concentric mode. RESULTS: Significant (p < 0.05) correlations were indicated between knee extensor and flexor PT and 1RM values (r = 0.73 to 0.75), as well as between PT and 1RM CR values (r = 0.65). However the isoinertial CR values (0.42 ± 0.05) were significantly (p < 0.05) greater than their isokinetic counterparts (0.36 ± 0.04). CONCLUSION: Caution should be used when comparing isoinertial CR with population-specific isokinetic normative scores.

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