Influence of body position on shoulder rotator muscle strength during isokinetic assessment

Radaelli, Régis; Bottaro, Martim; Weber, Fernanda Seganfredo; Brown, Lee E.; Pinto, Ronei Silveira

doi:10.3233/ies-2010-0369

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…A number of studies have investigated the CR as an important variable when assessing muscle balance [5,9,[24][25][26][27][28]31] and risk of injury [5,6,8]. The relationship between CR and 1RM ratio in the present study was significant (r > 0.60).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

“…Although our results were similar, we tested PT at 60 • /s and they tested at higher velocities (> 120 • /s). We used 60 • /s because this is the most used velocity to assess maximum PT production during an isokinetic protocol [6,9,[24][25][26][27][28]. In addition, Gulick et al [18] and Verdijk et al [19] only examined correlations of the knee extensors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of hamstring/quadriceps ratio between isoinertial and isokinetic measurements

Silva

Bottaro

Weber

et al. 2013

IES

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OBJECTIVE: To determine the applicability and predictive accuracy of an isoinertial resistance machine for the assessment of hamstring/quadriceps conventional (concentric) ratio (CR). METHOD: Thirty-two resistance trained young men (23.53 ± 3.2 yrs) were tested using dedicated instruments to obtain the peak torque (PT) of the right knee extensors and flexors as well as the corresponding one repetition maximum (1RM) values. All measurements were conducted in the concentric mode. RESULTS: Significant (p < 0.05) correlations were indicated between knee extensor and flexor PT and 1RM values (r = 0.73 to 0.75), as well as between PT and 1RM CR values (r = 0.65). However the isoinertial CR values (0.42 ± 0.05) were significantly (p < 0.05) greater than their isokinetic counterparts (0.36 ± 0.04). CONCLUSION: Caution should be used when comparing isoinertial CR with population-specific isokinetic normative scores.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of hamstring/quadriceps ratio between isoinertial and isokinetic measurements

Silva

Bottaro

Weber

et al. 2013

IES

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“…Therefore, eccentric torque of antagonist muscles and concentric torque of agonist muscles may more closely approximate true muscle function during overhead throwing activities [1,3,8,12,17,18]. In the shoulder, internal rotation involves the external rotators working eccentrically to decelerate a concentric movement of the internal rotators in a dynamic control ratio (DCR) [3,7,12]. This IPT DCR has been previously evaluated and found to be slightly greater than 1.00 in healthy adults, baseball players [8,9,12], and elite swimmers [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, repetitive and forceful overarm movements, and large differences between agonist and antagonist muscle strength are related to the highest rates of injury in the shoulder joint [1][2][3]6]. During overhead and throwing movements, high torque of the Internal Rotators (IR) without proper balance of the External Rotators (ER) may lead to imbalances of this complex [1,3,4,7]. Objective evaluations using Isokinetic Dynamometers are effective in testing shoulder ER and IR strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most acceptable ways to measure muscular imbalance in the shoulder rotators is by examining muscle strength and calculating a ratio based on the ER independent peak torque (IPT)/IR. These ratios can be classified as "conventional" (CR) and "functional" or "dynamic control" ratios (DCR) [3,[7][8][9][10]. However, ratios based only on IPT are helpful in providing insight into shoulder strength and imbalance, but may fail in replicating the functionality of muscles evaluated during sporting activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Specific joint angle assessment of the shoulder rotators

Ruas

Pinto

Hafenstine

et al. 2014

IES

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BACKGROUND: Independent peak torque (IPT) ratios may lead to misinterpretation of shoulder rotator imbalances. OBJECTIVE: To compare shoulder rotator IPT conventional ratio (CR) and dynamic control ratio (DCR) with ten-degree angle specific torque (AST) CR and DCR. METHODS: Twenty healthy adult males (24.65 ± 2.4 yrs) performed concentric (C) and eccentric (E) internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) of the right shoulder on an isokinetic dynamometer at 60 • /s and 180 • /s through 150 • of ROM. RESULTS: IPT DCR was significantly different than AST DCR at several angles at both test speeds. IPT CR were not significantly different than any AST CR at either speed. The last 3 ten degree AST DCR were also compared. AST DCR was significantly different at two angles at 60 • /s and at three angles at 180 • /s. CONCLUSION: DCR analysis should use a ten degree AST interpretative approach in order to avoid erroneous interpretations of shoulder rotator strength imbalances. IPT ratio tests should only be used to calculate CR.

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