Pleurotus genus is one of most extensively studied white-rot fungi due to its exceptional ligninolytic properties. It is an edible mushroom and it also has several biological effects, as it contains important bioactive molecules. In basidiomycete fungi, lignocellulolytic enzymes are affected by many typical fermentation factors, such as medium composition, ratio of carbon to nitrogen, pH, temperature, air composition, etc. The survival and multiplication of mushrooms is related to a number of factors, which may act separately or have interactive effects among them. Out that understanding challenges in handling Pleurotus species mushroom requires a fundamental understanding of their physical, chemical, biological and enzymatic properties. This review presents a practical checklist of available intrinsic and extrinsic factors, providing useful synthetic information that may help different users. An in-depth understanding of the technical features is needed for an appropriate and efficient production of Pleurotus spp.

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Na produção da fécula de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz), é gerado o bagaço de mandioca, que é o resíduo fibroso da raiz. Frente à importância econômica, físico-química, tecnológica e nutricional deste resíduo, objetivou-se desenvolver uma farinha, a partir do bagaço de mandioca, avaliar suas propriedades e compará-las com as da fécula, a fim de fomentar o seu uso e fornecer informações, tanto para as indústrias produtoras quanto aos consumidores. Foram realizadas análises de composição centesimal, valor energético total, granulometria, atividade de água, cor, microscopia e índice de absorção de água (IAA), solubilidade em água (ISA) e absorção de óleo (IAO). Em relação à fécula de mandioca, a farinha de bagaço apresentou teores muito mais elevados de fibra alimentar total [63,95 g (100g)-1], solúvel [3,51 g (100 g)-1] e insolúvel [56,84 g (100 g)-1], bem como valores de proteínas [1,97 g (100 g)-1], teor de cinzas [1,81 g (100 g)-1] e lipídios [2,35 g (100 g)-1]. A farinha de bagaço de mandioca apresenta baixo custo e propriedades tecnológicas desejáveis, como IAA [6,73 g de gel (g de matéria seca)-1] e ISA (1,23%), sendo, também, uma matéria-prima alternativa, com características tecnológicas diferenciadas. Sugere-se sua aplicação em mingaus, cremes, alimentos infantis e, principalmente, em alimentos diet ou light.

The Pleurotus genus is one of most extensively studied white-rot fungi due to its exceptional ligninolytic properties. It is an edible mushroom that possesses biological effects, as it contains important bioactive molecules. It is a rich source of nutrients, particularly proteins, minerals as well as vitamins B, C and D. In basidiomycete fungi, intensive cultivations of edible mushrooms can often be affected by some bacterial, mold and virus diseases that rather frequently cause dramatic production loss. These infections are facilitated by the particular conditions under which mushroom cultivation is commonly carried out such as warm temperatures, humidity, carbon dioxide (CO) levels and presence of pests. There is not much bibliographic information related to pests of mushrooms and their substrates. The updated review presents a practical checklist of diseases and pests of the Pleurotus genus, providing useful information that may help different users.

Summary The objective of the present research was to analyse the combined effect of pregelatinised cassava starch and bagasse (70:30) flour, cassava starch and amaranth flour on the cooking properties of pasta, verify the acceptance and buying intention of the product with the best technological characteristics, and finally compare them with commercial products made with regular and whole wheat flour. The vermicelli‐type pasta obtained in this study in the proportion of 10:60:30 (pre‐gelatinised flour:cassava starch:amaranth flour) showed the best results in the quality tests, with a cooking time of 3 min, mass increase of 101.5% and 0.6% solids loss to the cooking water, superior to the commercial pasta. Acceptance testing showed that this was a very good pasta (score of 7.2 on a 9‐point scale) and obtained 42% buying intention amongst the consumers. The elaboration of pasta containing pregelatinised cassava starch and bagasse (70:30) flour, cassava starch and amaranth flour was shown to be a feasible alternative with respect to the technological and sensory aspects, and could be consumed by those suffering from gluten intolerance.

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