Abstract. To complement National College Health Assessment data and to further assess student lives and health needs, staff at the Rutgers University Health Services' Department of Health Education used a participatory research method called photovoice. Using this methodology, health care professionals provided a discrete and tangible way for students to feel empowered, as the students conducted the project themselves, collecting data using photography, analyzing the results qualitatively, and meeting with policy makers to discuss their photos and offer recommendations for change. Policy recommendations addressed issues of safety, nutrition, sexual health information, alcohol and drugs, and campus parking. In this article, the authors offer a description of this process as another tool for assessment and advocacy.

In April and May 1989, the authors surveyed a sample of students enrolled on four college campuses in New Jersey (N = 923) concerning their HIV transmission-related behavior, knowledge, and a variety of conceptual variables taken primarily from social cognitive theory that were thought to be potentially predictive of safer sexual behavior. Analyses of sexually active, unmarried students' responses indicated that men expected more negative outcomes of condom use and were more likely to have sexual intercourse while under the influence of alcohol or other drugs, whereas women reported higher perceived self-efficacy to practice safer sex. Regression analyses indicated that, among the factors assessed, stronger perceptions of self-efficacy to engage in safer behavior, expecting fewer negative outcomes of condom use, and less frequency of sex in conjunction with alcohol or other drug use significantly predicted safer sexual behavior. Enhanced self-efficacy to discuss personal history with a new partner was associated with a greater number of risky encounters. Implications of these findings for intervention efforts with students are discussed.

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Advocacy skills are essential for the public health practitioner. Recognizing this need, two statewide public health organizations partnered for a series of advocacy trainings. Outcomes included an increased competence for such advocacy as providing expert testimony, writing position papers, forging stronger relationships with policy makers, and committing to ongoing advocacy. An increase in statewide initiatives also included a legislative scorecard, development of a model advocacy network by voting districts, advocacy policy for associations, fact sheets for legislators on pending public health issues, a new university advocacy course, and advocacy action by two associations' members to reach common goals. The trainings and subsequent initiatives provide a template for organizations and individuals to build advocacy skills and increase the role of public health professionals in setting state public health policy.

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Increasingly, the profession of health education expects its practitioners to effectively advocate for both health education and the promotion of healthy practices, programs, and policies. This raises the question, “Are we preparing health educators for this responsibility?” This article briefly looks at the role of advocacy in health education practice; summarizes an assessment of how, if at all, health programs in New Jersey are teaching advocacy skills to their students; and reviews two public health advocacy courses as examples of how advocacy is taught in practice.

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention developed the Youth Risk Behavior Survey to measure the health risk behavior of the nation's high school students and to measure progress toward meeting the national health objectives for the year 2000. The survey was adapted for college students and pilot tested in spring 1993 in 18 4-year public and private colleges in New Jersey. In this article, the authors summarize results from this survey regarding unmarried respondents' risk behavior, including sexual behavior, use of alcohol, drugs, and tobacco, and behaviors that may lead to intentional and unintentional injuries. These findings, when compared with the relevant national health objectives, suggest that New Jersey college students will meet the health objectives regarding tobacco and cocaine use but will not meet national targets set for condom and birth control use, alcohol and marijuana use, and seatbelt and bicycle helmet use.