Magnetic levitation is an example of a nonlinear system that is naturally unstable. In the control system field, it can be also used to check the effectiveness of control methods. Unlike other researches overcoming by analytical method, this research investigates the solution of the nonlinearity of the magnetic field by placing two effect hall sensors on the top and bottom of magnetic coils. After decreasing the effect of nonlinearity, two PID control tuning methods, Ziegler Nichols (ZN) and Cohen Coon (CC), are compared to obtain an appropriate control structure and its initial parameters. The experimental result shows that the best control structure of ZN method is PID whereas its initial parameters, Kp, Ti, and Td, are 15.33, 0.036 and 0.009, respectively. The rise-time and settling time of the response are 0.54s and 0.59s. The appropriate control structure is PI control whereas Kp and Ti are 30.05 and 0.012 from CC method. The rise-time and settling time resulted are 0.8s and 0.67s. The ZN method with PID control structure has a better response with smaller rise-time and settling time than PI control from CC Method. This research is benefit for solving a problem dealing with magnetic levitation control.
ABSTRAKKendali PID analog, yang realisasinya menggunakan komponen elektronika, memiliki keterbatasan yaitu nilai toleransi yang terbatas. Saat ini spesifikasi kontroler dituntut untuk dapat berkomunikasi dengan sistem yang lebih besar seperti SCADA dan DCS sehingga lebih cocok menggunakan pengendali digital. Penelitian ini menganalisis metode konversi PID analog ke digital agar dihasilkan difference equation yang dapat direalisasikan ke dalam pemrograman komputer. Metode yang dipakai adalah diskritisasi langsung dan Backward Difference. Perbandingan kedua metode dilakukan dengan menganalisis respons berdasarkan initial paramater yang dihasilkan oleh metode Ziegler Nichols. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan kendali PID diskrit menggunakan Backward Difference menghasilkan respons sistem yang lebih baik dibandingkan metode diskritisasi langsung dengan nilai Kp, Ti, dan Td adalah 50, 80 dan 0,001 menghasilkan respons dengan nilai rise time, settling time dan overshoot berturut-turut sebesar 33,66s, 90,39s dan 0,9%.Kata kunci: PID diskrit, diskritisasi langsung, Backward Difference, Ziegler Nichols ABSTRACTThe analog PID control, where its parameters are realised using the electronic component, has disadvantages due to the limitation of its tolerance value. Currently, the specifications of controller are required to be able to communicate with larger systems such as SCADA and DCS, therefore digital controller is more appropriate to use. This study analyzes the analog to digital PID conversion method to generate a difference equation that can be realized in computer programming. The direct discretization and Backward Difference method are used. Comparison of both methods is by analyzing response based on initial parameters obtained of Ziegler Nichols method. The results show that discrete PID control using the Backward Difference indicates a better response than using the direct discretization method with Kp, Ti, and Td values are 50, 80, and 0,001, respectively. Those parameters generate response with rise time, settling time, and overshoot values of 33,66s, 90,39s, and 0,9%, respectively.Keywords: discrete PID, direct discretization, Backward Difference, ZieglerNichols
Universities have a role and function to educate the community in addition to conducting lectures. One form of activities from this role is to provide information to the community in the form of providing guidance, sharing knowledge or training. With the advancement of internet technology today, this can be done through online platform. However, this must be supported by qualified equipment in order to gain interesting and acceptable outcomes for the community as well as students. In this service, a studio that can be used to support teaching activities and community counselling for academic community in Politeknik Negeri Bandung is created. The making of this broadcast studio is divided into three stages. The first is the making of a three-dimensional model of the room using 3D modelling software. The second stage is the civil work to build a broadcast studio. The last stage is the completion of the broadcast studio with supporting equipment for video content creation. The results obtained are quite satisfactory. From the majority of answers obtained from the survey, students find this studio useful, quite comfortable to use and worthy of creating video content. For the audio section, the correspondents believe that this aspect still needs to be improved, while the room layout and visual equipment are considered good and attractive.
Image processing is an essential principle that is increasingly being applied in innumerable applications to optimize abundant design complexities to modified version by implementing the hardware platform to practice the algorithms. This is especially for the practice of a real-time system that performing frames of the image processing directly. Currently, the FPGA technology becomes a viable target for implementing suitable image processing applications. Realtime image processing can be implemented into the FPGA platform by using VHDL. FPGA can be the requirement of real-time imaging applications through maintaining data and computational. This paper focuses on software simulation and hardware implementation of image processing algorithms for the use in an FPGA based on the real-time processing. It aims to verify the real-time performance and functionality of the proposed image processing algorithm using the FPGA board from Altera named Cyclone IV EP4CE10E22C8. It is compatible to implement the process in a real-time system with the Histogram Equalization proposed method. This paper shows design exploration to the real-time environment in the practice of implementing image processing algorithm in the specified FPGA board, especially in customized image processing simulation of Histogram Equalization, application of proposed algorithm into image processing FPGA board, and exploration of practice in FPGA board of compilation and downloading.
Transportation is currently an unavoidable necessity. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted all lines of industry, including the Indonesian aviation transportation industry. Technology is one of the solutions to deal with these problems. The monitoring system of masked face recognition and body temperature detection for the check-in process of passengers at the airport is aimed to be developed in this research. The contribution of this research is that the system can distinguish the type of face mask used. Therefore, this monitoring system classified only medical masks and N95/KN95 respirator masks as ‘Good Masked’. IP camera and thermal camera are used to identify a masked face and body temperature, respectively. The sensor fusion method was used for decision-making on passengers whether they can be departed or not. The decision was taken based on the measured body temperature, the use of standardized face masks, and the face recognition of the airport passengers. Convolutional neural network (CNN) method was used for face and face mask recognition. The CNN model training was conducted four times according to the four proposed scenarios. The CNN model that has been trained can distinguish a masked face and a face without a mask. The best results were obtained in the fourth scenario with the comparison of the training dataset to the testing dataset was 9:1 and the epoch was 500 times. The basic deep learning model used for face detection was the single shot multibox detector (SSD) using the ResNet-10 architecture. Meanwhile, the CNN method with the MobileNetV2 architecture was used to detect the use of masks. The accuracy of the CNN model for face recognition and mask recognition was 100%. All check-in monitoring and verification process data were displayed on the web application which was built on the localhost.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan menginvestigasi algoritma kendali pada plant level air yang terdistribusi pada dua tangki. Terdapat dua metode yang digunakan yakni kendali PI-D yang ditempatkan pada masing-masing unit pengendali lokal (LCU) dan kendali Fuzzy sebagai unit pengendali utama (MCU) dimana performa sistem dapat di-monitoring pada Human Machine Interface (HMI). Kendali PI-D (tipe B) dipilih untuk mengantisipasi persoalan setpoint kick yang sering muncul ketika digunakan kendali PID konvensional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan respons kendali PI-D dapat mengatasi setpoint kick ditandai dengan perubahan smooth ketika setpoint berubah. Respons kendali PI-D pada HMI menunjukkan hasil yang baik direpresentasikan melalui error steady state dapat bernilai 0, overshoot 0% dan settling time 0,01 detik. Disamping itu, kontrol Fuzzy yang digunakan pada MCU dapat menghasilkan nilai setpoint (SV) yang tepat untuk masing-masing LCU, sehingga diperoleh respons kendali di atas.Kata kunci: LCU, MCU, PI-D, Level Air, Logika Fuzzy ABSTRACTThis study aims to investigate the control algorithm on the plant water level distributed in two tanks. There are two methods used, namely PI-D control placed on each local control units (LCU) and Fuzzy control as the Main Control Unit (MCU) and synchronization for Human Machine Interface (HMI) and monitoring. The PID control (type-B) was chosen to anticipate the setpoint kick problem that often arises when conventional PID controls are used. The results showed that the PI-D control response was able to overcome the setpoint kick which represented by smooth acting of actuator response . Response of the PI-D control on the HMI shows a good response by a steady state error of 0, an overshoot of 0%, and a settling time of 0.01 seconds. Besides that, Fuzzy logic used in the MCU can produce the right setpoint (SV) value for each LCU, so that the control response above is obtained.Keywords: LCU, MCU, PI-D, Water Level, Fuzzy Logic
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