To determine the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman (GTN)damage model parameters of 6061 aluminum alloy after secondary heat treatment, the uniaxial tensile test was carried out on the aluminum alloy circular arc specimen, and the mechanical properties parameters and the load-displacement curve of aluminum alloy tube were obtained. With the help of the finite element reverse method, scanning electron microscope and a orthogonal test method, the GTN damage model parameters (f0, fN, fC, and fF) were calibrated, and their values were 0.004535, 0.04, 0.1, and 0.2135, respectively. Then the shear specimen and notch specimen were designed to verify the damage model, the results show that the obtained GTN damage model parameters can effectively predict the fracture failure of 6061 aluminum alloy after secondary heat treatment during the tensile process.
During the service process of an aluminum alloy structure, its complex deformation zone experiences repeated loading problems such as repeated tension, compression, bending and reverse bending. At the same time, the cyclic loading and heat treatment process also have a certain impact on the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy extruded tubes. Therefore, the study of heat treatment process parameters has important engineering and practical value for the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy extrusion tubes under cyclic loading conditions. The experiment takes 6061-T6 aluminum alloy extruded tubes as the research objects. In the study, heat treatment and cyclic tensile tests were carried out on 26 aluminum alloy specimens to study the effects of different heat treatment parameters (such as heating temperature, holding time, and cooling method) on the stress–strain hysteresis curves, stress characteristics, hysteretic energy, skeleton curves and failure characteristics of the alloy under the same loading system. In addition, different cyclic tensile tests were carried out on 20 aluminum alloy samples without secondary heat treatment to discuss the effects of different cyclic loading regimes on the mechanical properties of the alloy. The research results indicate that the effect of heating temperature on the cyclic loading performance of the alloy is greater than that of the holding time, and the effect of the cooling method on the cyclic loading performance of the alloy is not obvious. A cyclic tensile loading regime has a significant impact on the strength, elongation and hysteresis energy of the alloy. The hysteretic behavior of the alloy during cyclic tensile loading depends on the applied stress level and loading history. As the number of cycles increases, the shape of the hysteresis curve tends to be stable, but there is no monotonic relationship between the number of cycles loaded and the hysteresis energy.
To study the deformation and fracture mechanism of 6061 aluminum alloy extruded pipe after secondary heat treatment under different stress triaxiality, a Johnson–Cook failure model was developed. Through the FEM method and SEM, the fracture mechanism of different types of aluminum alloy tensile specimens was analyzed. The research results show that the Johnson–Cook failure model could better simulate the tensile deformation of 6061 aluminum alloy specimens of different types, the parameters of the Johnson–Cook failure model were finally obtained D1 = 0.29, D2 = 1.356, and D3 = −2.567. With the increase of the stress triaxiality, the fracture strain showed a decreasing trend as a whole, and the fracture mechanism changed from a shear type to a hole aggregation type. The stress triaxiality gradually decreased with the increase of the notch radius/angles of the aluminum alloy notch specimen, and the stress triaxiality at the center of the notch was higher than the stress triaxiality at the root of the notch.
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