The Trudescantiu pallida anthocyanins were about 29 times more stable in a nonsugar drink model system than red cabbage (Brussica oleracea) anthocyanins, and 15 times in a fish protein system. The degradation of the anthocyanins from both sources in a nonsugar drink model was logarithmic rather than linear. The mechanism for logarithmic relationship was assumed to be the difficulty of water molecules diffusion to the hydrophobic center formed by the acyl groups and the aglycone.
Aim: “Women in agriculture” is a widely discussed arena but nutrition of women in agriculture is yet to be explored thoroughly. The current paper focuses on farm women in aspirational districts. These are the districts identified by NITI Aayog which are the poorly performing in a state in various developmental dimensions. Hence, the current paper aims at understanding the nutritional status and socio- economic profile of farm women in these districts assuming their higher vulnerability to malnutrition. Study Design: Survey design was used for the current study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Tamil Nadu from 2018 -2022 as part of PhD research work, affiliated to National Dairy Research Institute. Methods: Virudhunagar and Ramanathapuram are the two districts identified as aspirational districts in Tamil Nadu. From each district, two blocks were randomly selected. Two villages were selected from each block randomly and 10 farm women from households having at least 2 milch animals and cultivating for atleast on crop season were selected from each village purposively. Hence a total of 8 villages and 180 farm women of reproductive age (18-49yrs) were included in the sample. Mean dietary diversity Score and Body Mass Index were taken as indicators for nutritional status of farm women. Results: It was found that a 49.44% of the farm women had only 4 food groups in the last 24 hours followed by 28.89 percent with 5 to 6 food groups and 21.67 percent with 7 to 10 food groups. Only 41.67 percent of the respondents had BMI in the normal range. Around 30 percent of the farm women were underweight, 20 percent were overweight and 8 percent of them were obese. The results call for immediate attention and interventions for ensuring nutritional security of farm women in general and aspirational districts in particular.
Lack of availability of good quality and quantity of water affects the physiology of goats. Goats may adapt to thrive well in water deficit areas by making alterations in the expression of aquaporin (AQP) genes for their efficient water use. The current study was carried out in skin fibroblast cells of Barbari and Sirohi goats. Under in vitro conditions, during different temperatures and osmotic treatments, variations in relative expression of AQP3 genes were observed. At higher temperatures the relative expression of AQP3 genes in Sirohi breed was found to be significantly higher (p<0.01) than Barbari breed. However, during hyperosmotic concentration at normal temperatures the relative expression of AQP3 mRNA was significantly ((p<0.05) increased in both the breeds. During a high temperature combination with hyperosmotic concentration in cell culture of skin fibroblast cells the relative expression of AQP3 mRNA was increased in Sirohi breed (p<0.01) whereas it decreased in Barbari goat's breed. The variations in AQP3 gene expression during water stress condition and during hyperosmotic concentrations of skin fibroblasts cell culture suggests the positive involvement of AQP3 gene in maintaining the water balance in the body.
Lack of availability of good quality and quantity of water affects the physiology of goats. Goats may adapt to thrive well in water deficit areas by making alterations in the expressions of aquaporin (AQP) genes for their efficient water use. The present study was carried out in skin fibroblast cells of Barbari and Sirohi goats. Under in vitro conditions, during different temperatures and osmotic treatments, variations in relative expression of AQP3 genes were observed. At higher temperatures the relative expression of AQP3 genes in Sirohi breed was found to be significantly higher (p<0.01) than Barbari breed. However, during hyperosmotic concentrations at normal temperatures the relative expression of AQP3 mRNA was significantly ((p<0.05) increased in both the breeds. During a high temperature combination with hyperosmotic concentration in cell culture of skin fibroblast cell the relative expression of AQP3 mRNA was increased in Sirohi breed (p<0.01) whereas it decreased in Barbari goat’s breed. The variations in AQP3 gene expression during water stress condition and during hyperosmotic concentrations of skin fibroblasts cell culture suggests the positive involvement of AQP3 gene in maintaining the water balance in the body.
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Aim: The current study analyses the level and type of linkages among the actors in the innovation platform using actor linkage matrix (ALM). The Samagra scheme which includes dairy based projects namely Nature Fresh (NF) and Ksheerasagaram, was the innovation platform (IP) under the study. The beneficiaries of these projects were women SHG (Kudumbasree) members. Study Design: Survey design was used for the current descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Kerala as a part of M.Sc research work in the year 2017-18, affiliated to National Dairy Research Institute. Methods: Stakeholder identification was done using the information from secondary sources, the members of the selected SHGs and other stakeholders in the public and private sectors using checklist, open ended interviews and focus group discussions. The strength of the linkages and their reciprocity were depicted in the actor linkage matrix. Results: The study found out that only very few strong reciprocal linkages were there in the IP value chain which was between the SHG members and the Community Development Society (CDS) chairperson, Veterinary Surgeon (VS) and consumers. Medium linkage was observed between the SHG members and private sector actors like input dealers and marketing agents. The public sector actors like the State and District level Kudumbasree officials, State Veterinary Universities (SVUs), Dairy Development Department (DDD), Animal Husbandry Department (AHD) had the weakest of the linkages with the other stakeholders. Although there is a scope for establishing and strengthening dynamic linkages between actors, it is not exploited and promoted. The actor linkages and dynamics are crucial in fostering the innovativeness in organizing the dairy value chain and for the institutionalization of the IP. Thus the IP framework should focus on linkages that need to be developed and make the required changes in policy and practice for this to happen.
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