ResumoO artigo objetiva verificar as condições das penitenciárias no Brasil e seu reflexo nos indivíduos encarcerados. Serão objeto de estudo os julgados do Supremo Tribunal Federal relativos ao Recurso Extraordinário (RE) n. 592.581 e à Medida Cautelar na Arguição de Descumprimento de Preceito Fundamental (ADPF) n. 347, em que reconhecido o "estado de coisas inconstitucional" a impor medidas saneadoras pelos Poderes Executivo e Judiciário, com foco nos limites de atuação deste na priorização das políticas públicas de segurança quanto às penitenciárias e aos direitos fundamentais dos encarcerados à luz do neoconstitucionalismo.Palavras-chave: Penitenciárias; direitos fundamentais; "estado de coisas inconstitucional"; RE 592.581; APDF 347. AbstractThe article aims to verify the conditions of penitentiaries in Brazil and its reflection on prisoners. The Federal Supreme Court judgments in Extraordinary Appeal n. 592.581 (RE) and Precautionary Measure in the Allegation Injunction of breach of fundamental precept n.347 (ADPF), where recognized the "unconstitutional state of affairs" to impose regulatory measures by the Executive Branch and by the Judiciary, focusing on the limits of its performance in the prioritization of public security policies regarding penitentiaries and the fundamental rights of prisoners in the light of neoconstitutionalism.
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