Brazilian citrus production is located in tropical regions. Due to its climate conditions fruit can reach full internal maturity while the peel is still fully or partially green. This phenomenon makes the fruit unacceptable to consumer. 'Murcott' tangor (Citrus reticulata Blanco x Citrus sinensis Osbeck) shows problems of green peel near the junction of the pedicel, which thus affects fruit quality. The objective of the present study is to investigate the effect of ethephon dip postharvest in degreening fruits of 'Murcott' tangor. Different concentrations of ethephon were used: 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg L-1. After treatments by dipping in different solutions, fruit were stored at 15 ºC or 25 ºC at 90% RH. Fruit were analyzed for color changes on the equatorial region of the peel and near the pedicel, soluble solids content (SSC), titrable acidity (TA), SSC/TA ratio; juice content in % , ascorbic acid content, ethylene production, respiration rate, total chlorophyll content and the activity of the chlorophyllase. It was observed that at both temperatures 15 ºC and 25 ºC, there was an increase in color index, getting close to 2.0 that represents yellow color. Treated and untreated fruit with ethephon stored at 25 ºC had a greater increase in the index values of color than fruit stored at 15 ºC. It was observed that there was a reduction in the total chlorophyll content due to the increase of color index and activity of chlorophyllase. No differences were observed in the levels of SSC, TA and their ration. It was also observed that the production of ethylene and respiration rate were proportional to the concentration of applied ethephon and inversely decreases with lowering storage temperature from 25 to 15 ºC. Therefore it was concluded that ethephon treatments may have a potential commercial use for degreening fruit of 'Murcott' tangor.
RESUMO Este trabalho tem como objetivo verifi car a possibilidade de aplicação de vapor de etanol para a destanização, associado ao 1-metilciclopropeno (1-MCP) para prolongar o armazenamento de caquis 'Giombo
Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação de compostos salicilados sobre a tolerância de nêsperas ao frio e verificar se este efeito eatá relacionado à modulação de enzimas do metabolismo secundário. Nêsperas foram imersas em água (controle) ou em soluções que continham ácido salicílico (1 ou 10 mmol L -1 ), ou foram expostas a 0,05 mmol L -1 de metil salicilato, antes de serem armazenadas a 1ºC por 60 dias. A inibição da atividade da fenilalanina amônia-liase, peroxidase e polifenoloxidase, pelo metil salicilato, aumenta a tolerância de nêsperas ao frio, o que torna possível estender o armazenamento dos frutos por até dois meses a 1°C.Termos para indexação: Eriobotrya japonica, compostos salicilados, escurecimento interno. Salicylates compounds and the loquat fruit tolerance to chillingAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the application of salicylate compounds on loquat fruit tolerance to chilling and to verify whether this effect is related to modulation of secondary metabolism enzymes. Loquat fruit were immersed in water (control) or in solutions containing 1 or 10 mmol L -1 salicylic acid, or they were treated with 0.05 mmol L -1 methyl salicylate before storage at 1ºC for 60 days. The inhibition of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase enzyme activity by methyl salicylate, increases the loquat fruit tolerance to cold, which makes it possible to extend fruit storage period for up to two months at 1°C.Index terms: Eriobotrya japonica, salicylate compounds, internal browning.A refrigeração constitui a principal estratégia empregada para estender a vida de prateleira de frutos após a colheita. No entanto, o uso desta tecnologia é limitado para grande parte dos frutos de origem tropical, que não toleram temperaturas inferiores a 10°C. Em nêsperas, (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.), o estresse desencadeado pelo frio pode ocasionar o enrijecimento e o escurecimento interno da polpa e também aumentar a suscetibilidade aos fungos (Cai et al., 2006;Edagi et al., 2009). O aparecimento desses danos deprecia a qualidade e resulta em sérias implicações à comercialização e aceitação dos frutos pelos consumidores. Por esta razão, diversos tratamentos têm sido testados para evitar ou diminuir o aparecimento desses danos em nêsperas e outras espécies sensíveis ao frio (Cai et al., 2006;Edagi et al., 2009Edagi et al., , 2010Sestari et al., 2010).Embora haja estudos que indicam que o ácido jasmônico e as poliaminas podem reduzir o impacto de diferentes tipos de estresse em plantas, outros reguladores vegetais ainda permanecem pouco explorados (Wang et al., 2006). Já foi demonstrado que o acúmulo de ácido salicílico nos tecidos danificados de plantas é necessário para a indução de mecanismos de defesa contra agentes bióticos. Recentemente, foi sugerido que o ácido salicílico também pode aumentar a tolerância de plântulas e de frutos ao frio (Kang et al., 2003;Wang et al., 2006). Embora esses estudos atribuam a maior tolerância ao frio ao acúmulo de ...
(6, 12, 24 and 36h) and ethyl alcohol concentrations (1.75; 3.5
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