A deep neural network (DNN) based power control method is proposed, which aims at solving the non-convex optimization problem of maximizing the sum rate of a fading multi-user interference channel. Towards this end, we first present PCNet, which is a multi-layer fully connected neural network that is specifically designed for the power control problem. A key challenge in training a DNN for the power control problem is the lack of ground truth, i.e., the optimal power allocation is unknown.To address this issue, PCNet leverages the unsupervised learning strategy and directly maximizes the sum rate in the training phase. We then present PCNet+, which enhances the generalization capacity of PCNet by incorporating noise power as an input to the network. Observing that a single PCNet(+) does not universally outperform the existing solutions, we further propose ePCNet(+), a network ensemble with multiple PCNets(+) trained independently. Simulation results show that for the standard symmetric K-user Gaussian interference channel, the proposed methods can outperform all state-of-the-art power control solutions under a variety of system configurations. Furthermore, the performance improvement of ePCNet comes with a reduced computational complexity.
Inspired by recent advances in deep learning, we propose a novel iterative BP-CNN architecture for channel decoding under correlated noise. This architecture concatenates a trained convolutional neural network (CNN) with a standard belief-propagation (BP) decoder. The standard BP decoder is used to estimate the coded bits, followed by a CNN to remove the estimation errors of the BP decoder and obtain a more accurate estimation of the channel noise. Iterating between BP and CNN will gradually improve the decoding SNR and hence result in better decoding performance. To train a well-behaved CNN model, we define a new loss function which involves not only the accuracy of the noise estimation but also the normality test for the estimation errors, i.e., to measure how likely the estimation errors follow a Gaussian distribution. The introduction of the normality test to the CNN training shapes the residual noise distribution and further reduces the BER of the iterative decoding, compared to using the standard quadratic loss function. We carry out extensive experiments to analyze and verify the proposed framework. The iterative BP-CNN decoder has better BER performance with lower complexity, is suitable for parallel implementation, does not rely on any specific channel model or encoding method, and is robust against training mismatches. All of these features make it a good candidate for decoding modern channel codes.
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