In the contemporary society the need for assurance of technological and environmental safety of production facilities (PF), including hazardous ones, is dictated by technological development of the economy. This fact presupposes that the criteria of potential natural factors (geological, hydrological, meteorological) impact should be clarified during the design process. Insignificant number of available scientific generalizations of external factors impact on PF does not allow for making an initial protectability assessment of production complexes and adjacent areas. This research is aimed at developing a methodical approach to considering natural effects (including the extreme impacts) in assurance of PF’s technological protection and environmental safety in the areas adjacent to PF. The use of threshold probability of beyond design basis accident as the main probabilistic criterion is substantiated for decision making on whether to consider the external natural factors impact on PF or not. Along with it, is shown that the specified levels of probability of various natural factors occurrence should be revised upwards with account of detailed computations of accident scenarios at a PF. It is noted that risk management of PF exposure to external natural impacts should stipulate that monitoring of such factors should be arranged and carried out.
Abstract. Study of Arctic soils and grounds ecological state is relevant on the one hand due to their industrial development, on the other hand due to the need to preserve natural landscapes considering their high sensitivity to technogenic impacts. This study is aimed at assessing soil and ground chemical and radiation pollution on the territory of the gold-silver deposit "Klyon" located in Chukotka permafrost zone. The level of metal content in soil and ground samples was found to differ from the world soil clarke insignificantly. Field measurements of gamma radiation flux on the deposit sites under development have shown external equivalent dose rate of the gamma radiation to be at the natural gamma background level. Laboratory tests of soil and ground samples have shown their radioactivity level to meet radiation safety standards for construction materials. Studying changes of soil and ground chemical and radiation pollution over time as part of local environmental monitoring is noted to be expedient.
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