Thickeners are high molecular weight polymers used to impart viscosity and plasticity to the printing paste. Thickeners play an essential role in any printing process. Their main purpose is to hold dyestuffs, chemicals, and other printing auxiliaries to the fabrics during the method of printing. The goodness of the resulting print depends on the chemical and physical properties of the thickeners applied. The depth, the brightness of the colours, and particularly the sharpness and smoothness of the print are influenced or even determined by them.

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Flax seeds gum is a heteropolysaccharide consist of neutral and acidic components that makes up approximately 8% of seed mass. Flaxseed gum was extracted from brown flaxseeds by the hot water extraction method. The rheological properties and the viscosity of the printing paste were measured. The effect of flaxseeds gum on the printing properties of different fabrics (natural and synthetic fabrics) was studied by measuring the color strength value (K/S) and related color parameters of the printed fabrics. Flaxseeds gums do have inherent problems associated with their use as a thickener including uncontrolled rates of hydration, drop-in viscosity on storage, and the possibility of microbial contamination to Improving the Performance of Flax Seed Gum. Two different metal oxides including titanium dioxide and zinc oxide in normal form and Nano form were prepared and characterized to Improving the Performance of Flax Seed Gum. The presence of metal oxides in both their natural and nanoforms on flaxseeds gum was found to significantly increase its resistance to bacteria and fungi as well as its life span and ability to resist rotting for the longest time feasible.

N RECENT years, nanotechnology (NT) has shown to be a multidisciplinary study area, increasing its range of applications in several spheres of human activity. Advancements in nanotechnology have been made in textile materials as a result of the quest for enhanced multifunctionality in engineering, industrial, technical, and medical textiles. Textile materials now have several uses thanks to the integration of cutting-edge technologies including photonic crystals, plasmonics, luminescence, architectural colorants, holography, LED displays, and metamaterials. The physicochemical behaviors of textiles, such as self-cleaning, UV protection, flame resistance, and antibacterial capabilities, have been enhanced by textile nanotechnology innovations such as nanoparticles (NPs) and sensor integration into textile materials. It is appropriate for use in health, medical, sporting, advanced engineering, pharmaceuticals, aerospace, military, automobile, food, and agricultural industries, among others since it offers flexible sensing capabilities, robotics, electrical conductivity, flexibility, and comfort. Metallic fibers that have been injected with nanoparticles, such as copper and silver NPs, have demonstrated antiviral and antibacterial activities. The purpose of this study is to give an overview of the uses of nanotechnology in several sports-related sectors, with a special emphasis on sports-related flooring, apparel, and footwear. Sport has been injected with several important factors. In-depth research is also done on garments made using nanotechnology. According to current trends, all types of sportswear will soon be impacted by the nanotechnology revolution.

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