Studies on potentials of feedback over English language teaching seem not to have not been wellrevealed, including studies on the use of feedback to improve English pre-service teachers' competence. The present study investigates to what extent a multimodal feedback can influence preservice teachers' teaching, and which teaching aspects are influenced. Twenty five pre-service teachers taking Microteaching Course served as respondents supervised by a course advisor. The data were collected by teacher observation in a rating-scale form, self-appraisal, and interviews. The data were analyzed by using correlated sample t-test and the eight teaching components proposed by Brown (2001). The results showed that after multimodal feedback provision, pre-service teachers indicated an improvement significantly in seven out of eight teaching aspects. The provision of multimodal feedback could improve their teaching competence on preparation, instructional objective elicitation, mastery of instructional materials, use of media, and classroom management, including classroom language. But, the results do not indicate that they perform well on reflection and follow-up due to some reasons. In addition, the results evince that multimodal feedback provision could improve pre-service teachers' pedagogical competence when the multimodal feedback is integrated with content, interpersonal relationship, and management.
Terdapat banyak kendala yang ditemukan pada pembelajaran bahasa Inggris di sekolah pedesaan. Kesulitan yang ditemui dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris di sekolah pedesaan berkaitan dengan kondisi siswa, lingkungan, dan juga kompetensi guru bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplor kendala yang muncul pada pembelajaran bahasa Inggris di sekolah pedesaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain metode kualitatif dengan dua guru bahasa Inggris sebagai responden. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masih banyak kendala yang ditemui pada pembelajaran bahasa Inggris di sekolah pedesaan. Pembelajaran bahasa Inggris sulit karena beberapa sebab, diantaranya rendahnya minat siswa terhadap pelajaran bahasa Inggris, kurangnya support terhadap pembelajaran bahasa Inggris seperti support dari orang tua dan lingkungan sekitar, serta kualitas guru bahasa Inggris yang dinilai masih rendah.
The importance of language teachers possessing high level of language proficiency has been extensively studied. On the other hand, studies related to teaching effectiveness (TE) have yet to define the concept of teaching effectiveness, and studies to relate teacher language proficiency (TLP) and TE, especially in Indonesian context are found to be scarce. In addition, the lack of both clear guidelines on how to assess TLP and current and official data of TLP in Indonesia only exacerbate this matter. Thus, the objective of this study was to find the relation between TLP and TE in the context of a language school in Bandung and the perception of its teachers on the role of TLP in the effectiveness of their teaching process. Using a mixed-methods sequential explanatory research design, the result of the data collection was then cross tabulated and analysed using Fisher-Freeman-Halton exact test. It was found that there was a strong positive relation between TLP and the two aspects of TE: managing the classroom, and understanding and communicating lesson content, but no relation between language proficiency and assessing students and giving feedback. This was further confirmed in the qualitative stage that teachers with lower language proficiency could also deliver lesson content, and assess students albeit with a lower degree of flexibility compared to their more proficient counterparts. This means that the relation between TLP and TE was complex and not straightforward, and that the mastery of one does not always entail the mastery of the other.
Autonomy of English language learners in a technology-supported learning environment has attracted much academic interest. However, learner autonomy in the Indonesian EFL setting has not commonly been considered as an important teaching and learning objective. Additionally, studies on teachers' voices of the emerging context of online learning platform over learner autonomy have not been well established. Therefore, the present study attempts to complement this line of research via a qualitative investigation of two EFL teachers. Interviews and classroom observation were used to collect the data about English teachers' voices regarding learner autonomy and learner autonomy-based practices. The finding suggests that the teachers perceived learner autonomy as the ability to learn independently and online learning helped them to promote learner autonomy. Teachers believe that learners should be able to make decisions about how they would like to learn, the activity they did, and what is involved in making decisions. With regard to learner autonomy-based teaching and learning practices, it was found that although the teachers desired to implement learner autonomy in their classroom context, and they used different strategies to promote learner autonomy. However, several factors such as learners' lack of autonomous learning experience, limited interaction, and insufficient proficiency in English became the constraints of developing learner autonomy in online learning classes. In this respect, it is important to provide learners with training to be autonomous and have a strong commitment to success in inculcating learner autonomy in an online classroom setting.
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