The seventeenth century was the era in which _ Izmir became an international commercial center in the eastern Mediterranean. The vizier of the era, Köprülü Fazıl Ahmet Pas a, noticed the scarcity of potable water in relation with the increasing population at the center of this harbor city and ordered the construction of an aqueduct on Melez Valley. The Vezira ga Aqueduct was constructed in 1674. This article aims to identify historical, architectural, and structural characteristics of the Vezira ga Aqueduct so that its heritage values and conservations problems can be understood. The geographical and historical characteristics of the Vezira ga Aqueduct are described by taking the effects of site and the sociocultural situation of city into consideration. The architectural characteristics of the aqueduct are prepared by using the site survey data to reveal the current condition and find out the original state. Seismic behavior of the aqueduct is investigated by using two approaches: analytical equivalent static analysis and finite-element analysis. The historical, architectural, and structural characteristics of the Vezira ga Aqueduct prove its historical, documentary, and aesthetic values.
This study aims to contribute to the analytic studies on constructional aspects of the hayat house typology with an eye on its historical evolution for conservation purposes. The method used included a review of the surviving examples of the typology in _ Izmir and its vicinity and the selection of two intact examples whose structural components are legible: one from the earliest period and the other from the latest period. The examples selected are Kerima ga Kona gı in Birgi, Ödemis , _ Izmir and a house in Kırka gaç, Soma, Manisa. The early example (probably eighteenth century, constructed over the remains of an older house) sustains the traditional box system in its wooden upper story that integrates with the roof. The provision of level differences on the upper floor, the traditional relationship of the sitting level-window design, and masonry base are its authentic features. The late example (probably early twentieth century) presents signs of modernization, such as the establishment of a systematic wooden roof and wall frames in relation to each other, lack of diagonals in the perpendicular wall frame, avoidance of projections, and relatively elongated windows placed at higher positions.
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