Jurusan Farmasi, Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tujuh Belas Agustus 1945, Jakarta. ABSTRAKTumbuhan Polohi Wasu (Begonia sp.) telah diuji toksisitasnya terhadap Larva Udang (Artemia salina Leach)". Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui toksisitas senyawa bioaktif yang terkandung dalam tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai obat tradisional. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan menggunakan beberapa jenis pelarut yaitu: metanol, n-heksan; etilasetat dan air. Uji toksisitas senyawa aktif terhadap larva udang menggunakan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Variasi konsentrasi larutan uji adalah 1000 ppm, 800 ppm, 600 ppm, 400 ppm, 200 ppm dan 100 ppm. Persentasi kematian larva udang dihitung setelah pengamatan 24 jam, menggunakan persamaan McLaughlin sehingga dapat diketahui nilai LC50 dari sampel yang diuji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol dengan LC50 sebesar 369 ppm, fraksi n-heksan dengan LC50 sebesar 665 ppm, fraksi etilasetat dengan LC50 sebesar 433 ppm dan fraksi air dengan LC50 sebesar 419 ppm. Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa polohi wasu merupakan tumbuhan yang memiliki efek toksik sehingga berpotensi sebagai senyawa bioaktif.Kata Kunci: Toksisitas senyawa bioaktif, Begonia sp, Larva Udang (Artemia salina Leach) ABSTRACTPolohi Wasu (Begonia sp.) plant have been researched its toxicity to Artemia salina Leach. The aim of this research is to find toxicity in bioactive compounds of plant which have been used as traditional medicine. Extraction conducted by using some kind of solvent such as methanol extract, hexane fraction; ethylacetate and water fraction. The toxicity test of bioactive compound to Artemia salina using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. Variation Concentration in solution is 1000 ppm, 800 ppm, 600 ppm, 400 ppm, 200 ppm and 100 ppm. Mortality percentage of brine shrimp counted after 24 hour observation, using McLaughlin equation, so we can determine value of LC50 from research sample. The result of research show that methanol extract with LC50 at 369 ppm, Hexane fraction with LC50 at 665 ppm, ethylacetate fraction with LC50 at 433 ppm and water fraction with LC50 at 419 ppm. So we can concluded that polohi wasu plant with toxic efect and have potential as bioactive compounds.
In this study, those Rumex species used for medical and food purposes by people in Turkey were compiled. The aim of this study is to provide a basis for chemical, physiological, molecular or agricultural studies and to support them in easily accessing the bibliography without wasting time. Materials and Methods:Approximately 250 ethnobotanical articles were examined from Turkey and other countries around the world about the local usages of the genus Rumex. The data were listed as a table and according to the data compiled from these articles, the Use-Value (UV) index among species was calculated. Results:In the ethnobotanical studies compiled, it was determined that the species most used by people were R. crispus, R. acetocella and R. acetosa. 174 ethnobotanical usages in Turkey, 152 ethnobotanical usages from different countries for 27 Turkish Rumex taxa have been recorded. When the parts used were compared, it was seen that the leaves and roots are mostly used. Considering the usage purposes of the Rumex genus, it was revealed that there are many different uses, however, the most common uses are for food purposes. In the compiled study, the species with the highest UV values were calculated as R. crispus, R. acetosella, R. acetosa, R. patienta, and R. scutatus. Conclusion:Rumex taxa are used widely by people for reasons such as having a wide distribution area, growth around agricultural areas and being in areas where people can easily reach them. Also, they do not need special conditions for germination and growth. However, since they have a sourish flavour, consuming them raw as a salad can trigger some health problems. Although there are studies reporting that levels of oxalic acid, which is the source of this sour taste, decrease in cooking, there are also clinical studies that show that it can accumulate in the body and have some long-term toxic effects.
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