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Shalgam is a traditional Turkish beverage produced by lactic acid fermentation. Shalgam is also sold in markets in some European cities. In shalgam production, bulgur flour (formed during the crushing process, it is the part that remains under the sieve after breaking the outer shells of boiled dried wheat for processing), salt, water, purple carrot, turnip, and sometimes red beet is used. The traditional method of production can take 10-12 days. Commercial production takes 4-5 days. Shalgam is a probiotic food and a good source of nutrients. It helps regulate the pH of the digestive system. It contains β-carotene, group B vitamins, calcium, potassium, and iron. People also use it as a medicine because of its antiseptic agents. Shalgam consumption should be increased and become worldwide.

On this study, physicochemical, microbiological and sensory properties of probiotic yoghurt samples added different rates (2%, 4% and 6%) of pine honey on days 1, 7, 14, 21 of refrigerated storage were investigated. pH, serum separation values, water holding capacity decreased and titratable acidity increased with increasing the ratio of the added honey during the storage. Lactobacillus. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus and Lactobacillus acidophilus counts were statistically significantly (P<0.01) lower than control samples in honey added yoghurt samples from the beginning to the end of storage. Streptococcus thermophilus counts did not change much during storage and were higher than control samples in yoghurt samples with honey from the beginning. The brightness (L*) decreased with increasing honey ratio. The a * and b * values of all honey-added yoghurt samples were higher than those without honey. Although yoghurt with 2% pine honey had the same points as the yoghurt with 4% pine honey in terms of some sensory properties, it was the most liked yoghurt. For people who do not like to consume plain yoghurt, honey added yogurt can be a good alternative functional food. Producers should produce formulations for this type of yogurt and the consumption of yogurt should be increased.

Object: In this study, consumer awareness and safety perceptions of food additives have been identified through survey. Desing: To investigate the level of information to consumers about food additives conducted the survey with 300 people in the center of Tekirdag province between the months of June and July 2015. Before the start of the survey in addition to mutual, it has been tested for clarity and validity of the questions in the questionnaire to make corrections with 10 people. Research data were analyzed using SPSS ver18 statistical package program with Chi-square (χ2) significance test. Result: There was a significant correlation between Having sufficient knowledge about food additives and the profession of respondents. Likewise, there was a significant correlation between having sufficient knowledge about food additives and the education level of respondents. Significant corrolation was determined between gender and to control the labels of food packaging during shopping of respondents. Food additives to control the rate of participants who are in the habit of reading the label has been 70,3%. The level of consciousness about food safety of women increased with increasing education and income level. Conclusion: It is necessary the cooperation between consumer and goverment for proper usage of food additivies according to the results of survey.

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Abstract:Hardaliye is a non-alcoholic fermented beverage produced in a traditional way in Thrace, the European part of Turkey. The nutritional value of hardaliye is derived from the grapes and the fermentation process. Health benefits of hardaliye are also related to etheric oils present in mustard seeds. Hardaliye is a lactic acid fermented traditional beverage produced from grape juice and crushed grapes with the addition of different concentrations of whole/ground or heat-treated mustard seeds and sour cherry leaves. The color of hardaliye reflects the original color of the grapes and has a characteristic aroma. Dark red grape is preferred. Benzoic acid is used as preservative during production. Benzoic acid inhibits or decreases alcohol production by affecting the yeast. Fermentation occurs at room temperature for 7-10 days. If the ambient temperature is low, fermentation process can be extended until 20 days. Once fermented, the hardaliye is stored at 4 • C for three to four months. The hardaliye is consumed either fresh or aged. If it is aged, hardaliye may contain alcohol. The industrial production is just in small-scale and it must be developed. More studies are required to determine characteristic properties of hardaliye. Identification of the product properties will supply improvement for industrial production.

In this research, hardaliye a traditional fermented Turkish beverage was produced by modification of traditional method and investigated for some properties. Lactobacillus sanfrancisco (LB16), Lactobacillus acetotolerans (LB21), Lactobacillus pontis (LB26), Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei (LB30) as starter cultures were added into pasteurised grape juice. Production of hardaliye using either white or black mustard seeds with Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei LB30 reached to minimum pH value. It was determined that, lactobacilli which was added as starter cultures and mustard seeds had no clear effect on decrease in total sugar contents. During the 7-day fermentation period, lactic acid bacteria count in hardaliye, produced using white mustard seeds, changed from 4. 60, 4.69, 4.47 and 4.79 log CFU/ml to 4.92, 4.94, 5.90 and 6.83 log CFU/ml respectively and in the other samples, produced using black mustard seeds changed from 4.25, 4.07, 4.07 and 4.20 log CFU/ml to 6.60, 7.20, 6.54 and 6.77 log CFU/ml respectively.

Twenty-three hardaliye beverage samples were collected from different regions of Kirklareli city in Turkey and five hardaliye samples were produced under laboratory conditions according to traditional methods. Total phenolic compounds, monomeric anthocyanins (malvidin-3-glucoside), volatile acid, ethyl alcohol, total sugar contents, total acidity (lactic acid), pH, color values (L (brightness), a (red-green), b (yellow-blue)), total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and mold and coliform counts were determined. Acidity between 0.38 and 0.91%, pH from 3.54 and 4.33, color (L.a.b.) values from 7.57 to 13.74, from 0.71 to 7.68, from 0.73 to 4.50, respectively were determined. Total phenolics from 368.8 to 2647.5 mg L-1 , ethanol between 0.4 and 6.0% in 7 out of 23 examples, TMAB number 3x10 1-3.2x10 6 cfu mL-1 , LAB 1x10 2-3x10 5 cfu mL-1 in 16 out of 23 samples, yeast and mold count 1x10 1-2,3x10 4 cfu mL-1 in 18 out of 23 samples were found. According to the results obtained, coliforms and Escherichia coli were not found in the analyzed samples. Statistical analysis results revealed that differences between samples were significant (P≤0.01). Given its bioactive characteristics, hardaliye beverage should be produced at large-scale and be recognized by large communities.