Background: Conflict is inevitable and can be found in all settings. It can co-exist between and among health care professionals such as doctors and nurses and their patients. The roles of the nurses in each scenario and the kind of strategies they utilized also vary. This study aimed to determine the conflict resolution strategies of nurses in a selected government tertiary hospital in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: Utilizing a Descriptive Correlational Research Design, 78 nurses were asked to identify their conflict resolution strategies during their day to day interaction with the patients and doctors through a 20-item questionnaire. This study was conducted in a government tertiary hospital specializing in maternity and pediatric care with 310 beds in the East of Riyadh. Results: Findings yielded a high utilization of conflict resolution strategies by nurses with patients. Accommodating (61.5%; n = 48) was ranked number one as nurses used this strategy in dealing with patients. Secondly, collaborative (60.3%; n = 47), the third is both compromising and avoiding at (57.7%; n = 45); and the least in rank is competing (56.4%; n = 44). Nurses utilized the following conflict resolution strategies with doctors such as: (1) competing (43.6%; n = 34), (2) both compromising and avoiding (42.3%; n = 33), (3) collaborative (39.7%; n = 31), and (4) accommodating (38.5%; n = 3). It shows that the number 1 priority for conflict resolution strategies is "accommodating" for patients which was regarded the least for the doctors. On the other hand, the least strategy "competing" with patients is the number 1 strategy of nurses with doctors. There is a significant relationship between nurses' use of conflict resolution strategies consistent at collaborative with patients and doctors and their age. Findings further reveal that the overall use of conflict resolution strategies is significantly related to both patients and doctors. There is a significant relationship between nurses' use of conflict resolution strategies at compromising with doctors and their nursing qualification. There is a significant relationship between nurses' use of conflict resolution strategies (collaborative) with patients and their current nursing experience. The overall use of compromising as a strategy is significantly related to doctors. There is a significant positive correlation between the nurses' scores of conflict resolution strategies for both patients and doctors. On the one hand, there is no significant difference relation between nurses' use of conflict resolution strategies with patients and doctors and their socio-demographic variables (age, years of nursing experience) except nursing qualification. There is a significant difference between nurses' use of conflict resolution strategies (avoiding) with patients and doctors and their qualifications. Conclusions: Consequently, conflict is inevitable and is still growing in healthcare. We have determined the importance of identifying the conflict resolution strategies being util...

Summary: The environment that contains; skilled nursing leadership who empowers their staff and improves their autonomy also allowing them to participate in the department and organizational policy, good nurse-doctor relationship, adequate resources and skilled mix staffing, play an essential role to enhance control over nursing practice. Aim: The aim of this study was to identify nurses' perception of work environment characteristics. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive research design was used throughout this study. A quota sampling technique was used to recruit the participants (staff nurses and first-line nurse managers) from King Fahd Medical City in Saudi Arabia, who was asked to complete the tool; Perceived Environment Scale-Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI). Findings: 465 nurses participated in this study; 364 were from nurses and 101 from nurse managers, most of the participants were female. Participants were moderately high perceived to their work environments, and there was an association between the characteristics of participants in relation with the work environment. Conclusion: The current study concluded that the nurses' perception of work environment characteristics was moderately high.

Cyber-loafing involves an unproductive use of time in the workplace and distracts employees from their responsibilities and duties. This study was conducted because there is a risk posed on patient's safety if nurses are cyberloafing and if this behavior has a direct relation with procrastination and lack of conscientiousness. Aim of the study: to determine the relationship between cyberloafing, procrastination and conscientiousness among staff nurses working in Damanhour National Medical Institute. Research Design: A cross-sectional descriptive correlational design with a self-reporting questionnaire was used to obtain data. Setting: The study was conducted in all inpatients units except Intensive Care Units (N=10) in Damanhour National Medical Institute. Subjects: A convenience sampling technique was used to recruit the participants of 157 (professional and technical nurses) were present and agreed to participate in the study. Instruments: The questionnaire consisted of three main scales and a demographic data sheet. The scales were namely; cyberloafing scale, procrastination scale, and conscientiousness scale. Results: There are significant correlations between cyberloafing variety and cyberloafing frequency, procrastination and conscientiousness where p= <0.001 for the three variables respectively. Regarding, cyberloafing frequency, a negative significant correlation was found with procrastination where p= <0.001 and a positive significant correlation with conscientiousness where p= 0.048. Another positive significant correlation was found between procrastination and conscientiousness in which p= <0.001. Recommendations: more extensive and in-depth research on procrastination and conscientiousness in a private sector, where there is more availability of personal computer and internet connections would be beneficial.

Background: Over the last century, stress as an interdisciplinary concept has become an area of great interest and has been researched extensively. Although the earliest studies on stress were mostly physiological, psychological models of stress have been developed and established a link between stressors and illness in his model of general adaptation syndrome. Objective: To investigate prevalence and factors associated with occupational stress among nurses working Asser region Hospital. The study included nurses at different age groups working at different departments with assessment of any sources of stress. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted targeting nurses in the main hospitals in the Asser region, Southern Saudi Arabia. A total of the study samples of 217 nurses were required to estimate the expected average stress rate among nurses. A self-administered pre-structured questionnaire used for data collection. Results: Nurses' ages ranged 21 to 55 years old with mean age of 30.9 ± 11.7 years old. Majority of the nurses were females 175 (80.6%). The highest mean score (more stress) was reported by nurses in relation to the following stress factors; working very hard (4.3 ± 0.9), followed by being under pressure to work long hours (4.2 ± 0.9), the opportunity given to do something is not real and enough (4.2 ± 1.0). The findings showed a significant relationship between nurses' stress level, their personal and work-related characteristics (P = 0.001). Recommendations: Interventional programs to detect and alleviate sources and effects of occupational stress should be developed including more training re

High-fidelity simulation (HFS) is an instructive/learning technique progressively utilized by nursing schools, where students experience mimicked clinical encounters creating specialized and non-specialized abilities. The goal of this trial is to understand the perceptions of students of the bachelor's degree in Nursing with respect to their cooperation in reproduced clinical encounters with HFS. A qualitative investigation of phenomenological approach was undertaken as a design of this study. A convenient sample of 8 undergraduate nursing students involved in the investigation were interviewed. Later, a fundamental structure of the nurses' perception was developed which reflected the real clinical situations and other scenarios on exposure to HFS. The result of the study founded that the students were able to develop confidence based on segments such as enjoying the HFS settings, association with peers in the simulation, and skill development. The students appear to be happy with their experience of HFS. Negative perception is poisonous in any learning process. It may result from a factor beyond the control of the student such as shortage of equipment and cost. Lack of opportunity will undermine the senses of reality, experience, and chance to put their skills in practice. Moreover, the effects of such negative perception would make students frustrated and unable to learn from their errors. The study recognized a distinctive impression of students after encountering reasonable situations in a controlled domain, its significance to the foundation of relations and common development and its importance for their future as students and future experts.

Background: Empathy and patient-centered care have been associated with better patient outcomes. Active listening and self-awareness are suggested to be associated with empathy, and, in turn, patient-centered care. The concept of empathy has been a considerable subject of interest in students nursing research. PCC dimensions are critical for a Health Care Provider (HCP) to understand a patient's experience, develop a therapeutic relationship with the patient, and deliver care based on this understanding. So, the delivery of PCC is critical for better patient outcomes such as safety, as well as patient values and needs. Objective: To determine the relationship between patient-centered care and empathy among nursing students at the Alexandria Technical Health Institute. Settings: The study was carried out at the Technical Health Institute that affiliated with the Ministry of Health and Population at Alexandria Governorate, Egypt. Subjects: A convenient sample of 300 Nursing Students who are in the fourth, and fifth years of technical nursing diploma at the previous mentioned setting. Tools: Four tools were used in this study Namely; The Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale (PPOS), Active-Empathic Listening Scale (AELS), Self-Consciousness Scale-Revised (SCS-R), and Kiersma Chen Empathy Scale (KCES). Results: The study showed that there was a significant positive correlation between PCC, active listening, selfawareness, and empty respectively (p=0.000, p=0.001, p=0.004). Conclusion: Improvement in active listening and self-awareness may lead to improvement in empathy, and, in turn, improvement in patient-centered care. Recommendations: nurse educators need to teach nursing students how to improve active listening and self-awareness to improve their levels of empathy.

Background: High-quality leader-member relationships (LMRs) assist employee readiness for greater responsibilities beyond one's main job descriptions. This is to better contribute to other aspects or units within the organization. The Saudi Ministry of Health focuses on building human resources development to achieve improved organizational performance. Unfortunately, few studies have examined the Saudi Arabian healthcare sector's handling of LMRs. Objectives: The goal of the present study was to explore LMR levels and whether a nurse's work position influences LMRs within a university-affiliated hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive method was used and applied to a sample of 538 nursing staff. A self-report questionnaire was adopted for analysis Results: Results revealed that-Respect,‖-Affect,‖ and-Contribution‖ dimensions were high perceived while the-Loyalty‖ moderate perceived. The association between overall LMR perception and current position was statistically significant (p = 0.012). Discussion: Sustainability of an LMR should be promoted where functioning and overall performance need to be enhanced. Conclusion: LMRs were modestly present within the current study, where the Respect dimension was perceived most highly among nurses, with Loyalty having the least positive perception. However, the Affect and Contribution dimensions were also perceived positively. The present findings also indicate that nurse managers' perceptions were higher than those of bedside nurses.