Disaster struck does not announce itself and people usually caught with the ad hoc situation. Disaster is divided into two types which are natural disasters and man-made disasters. Natural disasters happen because of a natural phenomenon or process such as earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons and others. Manmade disasters happen as a consequence of technological or human hazards such train accident, traffic collision, aviation incident (plane crash), structural collapse and others. Such disaster struck events may cause fixed network infrastructure to be partially or fully-destroyed. *Author for correspondenceThe deployment of the fixed network infrastructure will be almost impossible to be re-established and recovered within a short time, especially in remote area where one had never existed.During the disaster struck, two entities would be existed which are victims and rescue teams like firefighters, police, volunteers and medical teams. The communication network is vital, especially after the disaster struck as the rescue teams need to coordinate the Search and Rescue (SAR) operations and mission critical. The real-life situation can remain unknown to the rescue teams involved in the SAR operations or it can be totally different from what it was before the disaster due to the damages. Subsequently, the exchange of data on the latest condition at the disaster area plays a big part and is crucial to save lives and
A Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is created when an independent mobile node network is connected dynamically via wireless links. MANET is a self-organizing network that does not rely on pre-existing infrastructure such as wired or wireless network routers. Mobile nodes in this network move randomly, thus, the topology is always changing. Routing protocols in MANET are critical in ensuring dependable and consistent connectivity between the mobile nodes. They conclude logically based on the interaction between mobile nodes in MANET routing and encourage them to choose the optimum path between source and destination. Routing protocols are classified as proactive, reactive, or hybrid. The focus of this project will be on Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol, a proactive routing technique. OLSR is known as the optimized variant of link state routing in which packets are sent throughout the network using the multipoint relay (MPR) mechanism. This article evaluates the performance of the OLSR routing protocol under condition of changing mobility speed and network density. The study's performance indicators are average packet throughput, packet delivery ratio (PDR), and average packet latency. Network Simulator 2 (NS-2) and an external patch UM-OLSR are used to simulate and evaluate the performance of such protocol. As a result of research, the approach of implementing the MPR mechanism are able to minimise redundant data transmission during the normal message broadcast. The MPRs enhance the link state protocols’ traditional diffusion mechanism by selecting the right MPRs. Hence, the number of undesired broadcasts can be reduced and limited. Further research will focus on different scenario and environment using different mobility model.
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