Background: Sleep disorders during pregnancy pose a real threat to the mother and fetus due to a violation of the physiological course of the gestation process, the release of melatonin (central and peripheral). The aim of the study:Comparative evaluation of sleep and chronotype indicators in healthy pregnant and healthy non-pregnant women. Materials and methods: There was conducted a voluntary survey of 210 relatively healthy non-pregnant girls (medical students), the average age was 20±3.5 years, and 69 women with physiological pregnancy (the average age was 29.69±5.03 years) according to the Russian version of the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire in the conditions of Vladikavkaz without a block of subjective self-assessment of the chronotype. 100 people were randomly selected from a group of healthy girls –group 1; pregnant women were divided by trimesters: group 2 (I trimester, 10 women), group 3 (II trimester, 20 women), group 4 – (III trimester, 39 women). Integral indicators were calculated on weekends and working days: the middle and duration of sleep, wake-up time, "jetlag" (desynchronosis), and the chronotype was estimated. Statistical processing was carried out by methods of variational statistics IBM SPSS 23 and Statistica 10.0. Results: Physiological pregnancy is characterized by a statistically significant improvement in sleep indicators, a shift in the middle of sleep to the period of maximum melatonin concentration, a decrease in sleep deficit on working days, and a reduction in jet lag. The increase in sleep duration noted in pregnant women prevents a number of physical and mental health disorders associated with the secretion of melatonin and the restructuring of the NEIM system. In all trimesters of pregnancy, an intermediate chronotype (ImCht) was determined – a "medium" chronotype, in non-pregnant women – a slightly late chronotype (SLCht) – a "slightly late" chronotype, which also speaks in favor of greater sleep stability during the physiological course of pregnancy. Conclusion: The use of the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ) in pregnant women allowed us to determine the trends of physiological changes in normal sleep indicators.
The aim of the study was to evaluate behavioral disorders in experimental metabolic syndrome and the possibility of treatment with complex phytoadaptogens (CPhA). The experiment was carried out on 30 male Wistar rats randomly divided into 3 groups: control (Group 1), metabolic syndrome (MS, Group 2), and treatment of metabolic syndrome with CPhA (Group 3). In Groups 2 and 3, the animals were on a diet high in carbohydrates and fats for 16 weeks. Group 3 animals received CPhA for 14 days with drinking water after 16 weeks of the diet. CPhA consist of standard tinctures of Glycyrrhiza glabra, Rhodiola rosea, Acantopanax senticosus in a ratio of 1:2:1. Behavior was analyzed in the open field test (OFT) and the elevated plus maze (EPM), using Realtimer software (OpenScience, Russia). Data were analyzed using GrafPadPrism 8.03 software (USA). The experiment demonstrated that metabolic syndrome is associated with increased anxiety (decrease in horizontal (p=0.017) and vertical (p=0.017) locomotor activity) and fear (increase in immobility time (p=0.011)) in the OFT. Increased anxiety of animals (decreased open arm time (p=0.012) and increased closed arm time (p=0.043)) and emotional stress (increased frequency of defecation (0.017)) relative to control are also confirmed by EPM data. The data obtained in the treatment group (no significant differences with the control), i.e., a decrease in the manifestations of fear and anxiety (increased orientation and exploratory activity), indicate that the complex phytoadaptogens are an effective anxiolytic. The mechanisms that led to this result remain to be explored, highlighting the role of the autonomic nervous system, leptin and ghrelin in behavior and the effect of the complex phytoadaptogens on them.
The aim of the work is to establish the peculiarities of the organization of various aspects of life in the dynamics of the winter/summer seasons among students studying in the conditions of the photoperiod of the northern region (Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area Yugra) and the temperate climatic zone (Vladikavkaz). In the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area, among students of both sexes, the proportion of persons with evening chronotypes was higher than in Vladikavkaz. Among thenorthernyoung men, there were no persons with a definite morning chronotype, and among the Vladikavkaz students there was noone with a definite evening chronotype; in the southern region, the share of larks was higher. In the dynamics of winter/summer in all groups, an increase in the proportion of larks was found, less pronounced in young men. Among the students of Vladikavkaz in both seasons, young men predominated among morning chronotypes, the percentage of persons with an arrhythmic chronotype was higher among young women. The values of the index of photoperiodic stability, in general, characterize the chronotype of the examined students as rigid. In the organization of life in the social group of students, social generators of rhythm prevail over natural factors.
Эндотоксикоз, влияя на форменные элементы крови, наряду с воспалительным процессом повышает активность системы гемостаза с формированием микротромбов, усугубляющих нарушения микроциркуляции. При экспериментальном перитоните у крыс Вистар в 9 опытных сериях изучены динамика показателей свертывания в зимний и летний сезоны года, состояние временной организации системы гемостаза, возможность коррекции патологической активации свертывания с использованием различных режимов приема комплексного фитоадаптогена-фитококтейля «Биоритм-Э». Фитококтейль составляли из смеси официнальных спиртовых экстрактов элеутерококка колючего, родиолы розовой, сиропа солодки голой в определенных пропорциях. Исследования проводили в 1-е, 7-е и 14-е сутки после развития острого перитонита: 1-я серия (контроль), 2-4-е серии-животные с перитонитом, 5-яинтактные крысы с курсовым приемом фитококтейля, 6-8-е-животные с перитонитом предварительного 15-дневного приема комплексного фитоадаптогена, 9-10-е серии-крысы с перитонитом на фоне лечебно-профилактического приема фитоадаптогенов. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о достоверной сезонной динамике нарушений свертывания. Профилактический прием фитококтейля снижает степень выраженности нарушений только на ранних стадиях процесса, а лечебнопрофилактический прием корригирует коагуляцию, частично восстанавливая регуляторные влияния, что позволяет говорить о модулирующем влиянии комплексных фитоадаптогенов на состояние гемостаза в динамике перитонита. Ключевые слова: система гемостаза, десинхроноз, комплексные фитоадаптогены, элеутерококк колючий, родиола розовая, солодка голая
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