Background: Acne Vulgaris is a rife and chronic dermal disorder, which commonly occurs in pubescent. This disease is characterized by the emergence of comedones, papules, pustules, nodules, or cysts which results from obstruction and inflammation of pilosebaceous units. Objective: To finding out the prevalence and psychological impact of acne on the quality of life in undergraduate medical students of Lahore, Pakistan. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted during the month of October 2020, 291 among undergraduate medical students from eight medical colleges of Lahore, selected through simple random sampling, on both male and female undergraduate medical students. To assist them; they were given a simple grading criterion to self-diagnose their current acne severity and quality of life was evaluated by Cardiff Acne Disability Index. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 22. Results: A total of 213 (73.2%) prevalence of acne was found among the participants who responded (291). No significant relation between acne severity and gender was found (p=0.151). There was no association between CADI score and gender (p=0.366). However, a significant correlation was found between CADI score and acne severity (p=0.000). In the population studied, 4.7% showed their acne severely impacting their quality of life, 27.7% have moderate, 58.7% have mild and 8.9% have no impact at all. Conclusion: High Prevalence rate of acne and its significant negative impact on QOL indicates that it is a very common dermatological disorder. Effective interventions can make substantial contributions to derogate the impact of acne severity on QOL.
Introduction: Patients receiving dialysis treatment in Combined Military Hospital, Abbottabad were suffering from some kind of depression and a few of these patients were also attending the psychiatry department for the management of depression. Chronic kidney disease being the commonest indication of dialysis was itself a known cause of depression like any other chronic disease. The longer redundant sessions of dialysis also added up to the existing low mood. Aim: To apply quality improvement methodology and apply a few appropriate interventions to reduce the prevalence of depression. The NICE guidelines 2009 for depression management were used to guide the introduction of appropriate interventions. PHQ-9 was used to score depression before and after the intervention. Methods: Diagrams, flowcharts were used to show aims and objectives. A Plan, Do, Study, Act cycle was used. The prevalence of depression in dialysis patients were calculated using the PHQ-9 questionnaire. A new plan for the dialysis department decoration and the introduction of facilities was formulated with input from the dialysis department staff. Help from NICE guidelines for depression management was taken and an increase in the availability of junior doctors for counseling and responding to the patient's condition was made. Results:120 patients involved in the dialysis sessions were targeted in this project for the six months duration. 40% of the patients were found to be suffering from moderate-moderately severe depression (score range 10-19) via the filled PHQ-9 questionnaire. Four months after the introduction of various changes the PHQ-9 was filled by the same patients. Now the prevalence of depression reduced to 10%. The patient's still scored as being depressed were in the mild depression range(i.e. score on PHQ:5-9). Conclusion: Following the implementations especially focusing on the counseling sessions (as mentioned in NICE guidelines)and increasing
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