PurposeOne of the largest floods in Iran happened in Nowruz in 2019, during which torrents of rain, flooding of rivers, landslides and the destruction of dams caused floods and led to financial losses and loss of life in 25 provinces of Iran. During and after the flood, 39 public libraries were closed, three libraries were evacuated and one was completely destroyed.Design/methodology/approachDespite the damage that occurred in the libraries, the preventive measures had been taken by many of them to reduce the whole damage. In addition, after the flood, responsible organizations including Iran Public Libraries Institution, the Institute for the Intellectual Development of Children and Young Adults and the Cultural and Art Organization of Municipality and the Mosques and Cultural Center, as well as other relief and social teams, and even people performed activities to reduce the negative impacts caused by the flood.FindingsThis article reviews these activities and their effectiveness. In the end, “the development of a plan for public libraries in natural and social crises” is proposed and the reasons for its necessity are discussed.Originality/valueThis article reviews these activities and their effectiveness. In the end, “the development of a plan for public libraries in natural and social crises” is proposed and the reasons for its necessity are discussed.
The parametric effects on performance of the Sagnac interferometer with loop (SLI) made of high-birefringence photonic crystal fiber (HB-PCF) and polarization-maintaining and absorption reducing (PANADA) fibers are simulated and analyzed accordingly in this paper where transmission spectra and the variations of free spectral range are studied under different conditions. The obtained results from calculations and comparisons of the curves loop fiber made of standard polarization-maintaining fiber and high-birefringence photonic crystal fibers revealed that the distance between fringes (DBF) of the SLI would reduce by increasing loop length. This reducing trend in case of HB-PCF has steeper slope. The DBF for two fibers HB-PCF and PANDA with shorter loop lengths would increase.This study reveals that by using high-birefringence PCF, one can optimize the loop length with minimum distance between fringes in the Sagnac loop interferometer. The obtained results provide a required condition for fabrication of SLI-based devices, such as optical sensors, with a small packaging size.
The general purpose of this study is to assess the amount of catalogers' familiarity with Resource Description and Access (RDA) and their readiness for acceptance of these rules and the effect of training on this issue. The methodology of the presented research is a survey study using a descriptive-analytic approach. In this research, the familiarity of 49 catalogers, working for the Cataloging In Publication (CIP) department at the National Library and Archive of Iran with RDA was monitored before and after a training session through a questionnaire. It was specifically prepared for measuring catalogers' familiarity with, and acceptance of, RDA and also highlighting the self-identified and actual levels of this familiarity and acceptance. The results show that before training, catalogers' self-identified familiarity with RDA was higher than the average level. But after the training session, both self-identified and actual familiarity raised dramatically. Furthermore, the significant difference between the research population's features and self-identified, actual familiarity and the rules' acceptance rate among catalogers was examined. In this study, it was confirmed that there is a significant difference between self-stated and actual Acceptance and Viewpoint of Iranian Catalogers Regarding RDA 641 familiarity of catalogers regarding RDA. According to the results, M.A. catalogers have a self-identified familiarity higher than B.A. catalogers. It was also confirmed that the actual familiarity of catalogers with an M.A. degree before training is higher than catalogers holding a B.A.
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