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OBJECTIVES:The application of nanoparticles is widely spread in all aspects of modern life because of their unique features such as small size and high surface area. High surface area can be very reactive and produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). These nanoparticles can damage human and animal cells by increasing oxidative stress mechanism. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 NPs) are among the top fi ve nanoparticles used in consumer products, paints, and pharmaceutical preparations.TiO 2 NPs have various capabilities such as robust oxidation, biocompatibility and photocatalytic properties. They are frequently used in a wide range of sciences, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, medicine and engineering. The ever increasing industrial and consumer applications of TiO 2 NPs raise concern over the possible risk association with their environmental exposure. METHODS: This study investigates the effects of TiO 2 NP on lung tissue by intraperitoneal injection to rats at different doses (15, 30, 60 and 70 mg/kg). RESULTS: Our results showed that intraperitoneal injection of TiO 2 NP creates capillary congestion and hemorrhage in alveolar wall, granulomas in lung parenchyma, and hemosiderin depositions in blood vessels adjacent to bronchioles without any infl ammation. The pulmonary side effects could be due to the production of ROS post TiO 2 NP exposure (Tab. 1, Fig. 5, Ref. 27). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.

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Stable slurries dispersed mixture of commercial Al 2 O 3 and Y 2 O 3 powders, ammonium poly meta acrylate (Dolapix CE64) as the dispersant, and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as the sintering aid were prepared by ball milling process. The effects of the milling time on the fabrication of transparent polycrystalline yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) ceramics were investigated by slip casting and vacuum sintering. The results showed that the best milling time for the deagglomeration of the powder mixture was 16 hours and the slurry prepared during this time showed a near-Newtonian behavior due to the better deagglomeration and lower viscosity. X-ray patterns also showed that all samples were pure YAG phase. The results also revealed that the sample prepared by 16 hours ball milling time suspensions exhibited higher relative green and final density, as well as the maximum transmittance at 1064 nm (≈ 77%). These samples had a more uniform microstructure too. K E Y W O R D S ball milling, polycrystalline, slip casting, viscosity, YAG How to cite this article: Mohammadi F, Mirzaee O, Tajally M. The effects of ball milling time on the rheological, optical, and microstructural properties of YAG transparent ceramics. Int J Appl Ceram Technol.

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One of the most radical and stylish fiction authors of the 20 th century, Angela Carter, expresses her views of feminism through her various novels and fairy tales. Carter began experimenting with writing fairy tales in 1970, which coincided with the period of second wave feminism in the Unites States. The majority of Angela Carter's work revolve around a specific type of feminism, radical libertarian feminism and her critique of the patriarchal role that have been placed on women. In this article, the main concentrate is on heroine's internalized consciousness which echoes in their behavior. All of the female protagonists in carter's short stories; such as The Company of Wolves, and Werewolf and mainly in Wolf_Alice have similar characteristics with different conditions, in which they are represented in a very negative light with less than ideal roles. In these stories, the protagonist is a young girl who has many conflicts with love and desire. Carter attempts to encourage women to do something about this degrading representation.

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