Background:
Radiation-induced hematopoietic suppression and myelotoxicity can occur due to the nuclear accidents, occupational irradiation and therapeutic interventions.
Bone marrow dysfunction has always been one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality after ionizing irradiation.
Objective:
This study aims to investigate the protective effect of telmisartan against radiation-induced bone marrow injuries in a Balb/c mouse model.
Material and Methods:
In this experimental study, male Balb/c mice were divided into four groups as follow: group 1: mice received phosphate buffered saline (PBS) without irradiation,
group 2: mice received a solution of telmisartan in PBS without irradiation, group 3: mice received PBS with irradiation, and group 4: mice received a solution
of telmisartan in PBS with irradiation. A solution of telmisartan was prepared and administered orally at 12 mg/kg body weight for seven consecutive days prior to
whole body exposing to a single sub-lethal dose of 5 Gy X-rays. Protection of bone marrow against radiation induced damage was investigated by Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE)
staining assay at 3, 9, 15 and 30 days after irradiation.
Results:
Histopathological analysis indicated that administration of telmisartan reduced X-radiation-induced damage and improved bone marrow histology.
The number of different cell types in bone marrow, including polymorphonuclear /mononuclear cells and megakaryocytes significantly increased in telmisartan treated group
compared to the only irradiated group at all-time points.
Conclusion:
The results of the present study demonstrated an efficient radioprotective effect of telmisartan in mouse bone marrow against sub-lethal X-irradiation.
The monomer 2-{5-[4-((4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl)phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-ylthio}ethyl acrylate (NDPOE-acrylate) was synthesized in five steps and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide, leading to a dual pH and temperature responsive polymeric sensor. Obtained copolymer exhibited the lower critical solution temperature only in acidic medium (pH 2) as 32°C. The UV-vis and fluorescence of copolymer was investigated at different pH values in various temperatures. The UV-vis of copolymer are independent to temperature above pH 4. The copolymer exhibited sensitive fluorescence change towards pH between 2 and 10 at different temperatures.
The aim of this study is to perform Monte Carlo dose calculations on two critical organs, bladder and rectum, by considering the effects of applicator attenuation for three different applicator diameters of the Selectron/MDR intracavitary brachytherapy system. Three different pelvic phantoms, with a gynecological cylinder, were used to simulate the treatments. Dosimetric measurements were carried out in five different positions in the rectum and one position in the bladder using p‐type diode detectors. The absorbed doses at clinical points in the phantoms were calculated using the MCNP5 Monte Carlo code and the PLATO commercial treatment planning system (TPS). It was found that the dose‐rate constant for the pellet source was 1.12.2emcGyh−1U−1 with uncertainty within 1.33% compared to the latest published data. In all cases, results of the Monte Carlo based calculations agreed better with measured doses than those of the PLATO TPS, with the maximum deviation occurring for the 3 cm diameter applicator in the rectum. The largest discrepancy seen in this study, between measured dose and the TPS calculated dose, was 7.1%. The Monte Carlo calculation, for the same position, had a dose discrepancy of 3.0%. The average deviation between the PLATO TPS calculated doses and measured doses was approximately double what was seen between the Monte Carlo results and measured doses. This is due to the absence of the applicator attenuation effect in the PLATO TPS. Therefore, Monte Carlo simulation can be considered a more accurate dose calculation method in this study.
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