Background. Malaria is a major mosquito-borne disease in Ethiopia, and it is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax are the two malaria-causing parasitic species commonly known to cause human malaria in Ethiopia. To better manage and control vectors transmitting malaria parasites, the abundance, distribution, and updated annotated list of Anopheles species present in Ethiopia are very important. Methods. In order to compile a list of the species recorded in Ethiopia, 33 original research articles were collected. This work gives an updated list of Anopheles mosquito species in Ethiopia and their abundance, distribution, and composition. Results. According to this review, 110305 Anopheles mosquitoes were collected and 35 Anopheles species were recorded in different parts of Ethiopia. A. arabiensis was the most abundant when compared to other species, whereas A. maculipalpis and A. wilsonii were the least abundant species. The most abundant Anopheles species was recorded in central and the least abundant, from eastern Ethiopia. The second, third, and fourth abundant species were also collected from southern, northern, and western parts of Ethiopia.
Background In Ethiopia, malaria is a major concern to the health, and socio-economic development of the country because of its occurrence at the peak agricultural activities. Factors such as environmental, human host, parasite, and vector determine malaria transmission. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the prevalence and associated factors of malaria among febrile patients who visited selected health centres. Methods Institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2020 to July 2021 in eight selected health centres located in Lake Tana and its surrounding areas. A simple random sampling technique was used to select febrile patients. Thick and thin blood films were prepared and processed according to the WHO guidelines. Socio-demographic and malaria risk factors were collected from study participants who could read and write using a self-administered questionnaire, whereas face-to-face interview was used to collect information from those participants who could not write and read. The strength of association between risk factors and malaria was assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Results Of the total (531) febrile patients, 75.3% were malaria negative and 24.7% (overall prevalence) were malaria confirmed cases. Most of the infections were caused by Plasmodium falciparum (72.5%) followed by Plasmodium vivax (23.7%) and mixed-species (3.8%). The highest prevalence was recorded in Kidist Hana (51.5%) followed by Robit (34.8%), Gorgora (30.3%), and Wusha Tiris (25%) health centres. In terms of months, the highest prevalence (37.5%) was detected in October whereas the lowest (14%) was in March. Logistic regression analysis revealed that gender (p = 0.023), educational level (p = 0.025), study month (p = 0.036), presence of eave in the house (p = 0.002) and wall openings (p = 0.041), not using bed nets (p = 0.001), sleeping in the same house with cattle (p = 0.031) and the distance between mosquito-breeding site and living house (p = 0.020) were explanatory risk factors significantly associated with malaria among studied participants. Conclusions In this study, we confirmed that the occurrence of malaria prevalence was high and continued against the Ethiopian malaria elimination plan of 2021–2025. Therefore, to meet the goals of this plan, the current prevention and control efforts should be stepped up even better in the coming years.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.