Background & Objective:MiRNAs are a systematic class of small non-coding RNAs with impending role as tumor biomarkers. Our objective was to identify the level of expression of Mir-195 in patients with breast cancer along with its correlation with clinicopathologic features.Methods:A total of 209 females in which 139 histologically diagnosed breast cancer (BC) cases and 70 healthy controls matched for age, their relative clinical and histopathological findings were recorded from their laboratory reports and hospital record of the patients. Plasma was used for extraction of total RNA and cDNA was prepared by using both miR-195 stem loop RT primers and gene specific antisense primers while U6 IT was used as control. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) for miR-195 expression status was performed and amplification (down regulation) was recorded.Results:Of 139 samples the expression of miR-195 was down regulated in 72.6% cases and the remaining 27.3% cases behaved same as 70 healthy or normal controls. Significant correlation of low miR-195 expression with higher differentiation grade, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage was found.Conclusion:Significant correlation between miR-195 expression and some clinicopathological features were recognized. MiR-195 could be used as potential non-invasive, molecular biomarker for early detection of breast cancer.
Background: Surgical site wound infection (SSI) imposes a great challenge worldwide. It is the third most commonly reported nosocomial infection. The objective of the study was to assess the frequency of postoperative wound infections in a newly developed health organization.Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2017 to May 2018 in Bakhtawar General Hospital, Jamshoro. A total of 364 cases of surgery, from Obstetrics and Gynecology and General Surgery department were included. Surgical interventions involving an incision were assessed. Infection (SSI) rate was noticed and data was analyzed by SPSS version 18.Results: Healthy discharge rate was 97%. The overall surgical site wound infection rate was 3.1%. These infections were high in genitourinary surgeries (9.09%). Among Obstetrics & Gynecology surgeries, maximum number of SSIs were reported in cases of emergency Lower Segment Cesarean Section (LSCS).Conclusions: The overall rate of SSI for different types of surgeries performed at Bakhtawar General Hospital, Jamshoro was only 3.1%. Frequency of SSI was highest in genitourinary surgeries followed by gastrointestinal and obstetrics and gynecology surgeries, respectively.Key words: General Surgery, Genitourinary surgery, Obstetrics & Gynecology surgery, Post-operative wound contamination
Background: The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma has doubled in the last three decades associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. The incidence of bleeding and/or thrombosis in advanced stage cancer necessitates a need for research in blood coagulation abnormalities in malignancy. The objective of the present study was to determine the alteration in coagulation pattern among patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Pathology department of Isra University Hospital, Hyderabad over a period of 06 months. A total of 126 samples were selected through non-probability convenient sampling. Both male and female patients of all age groups having SCC of skin, gastrointestinal and genital tract were included. The coagulation profile was analyzed by Sysmax CA 50 and Nycocard reader II. Data was entered into SPSS version 22.0 and results were analyzed. Results: The mean age of the patients with SCC in the present study was 55.5 ± 12 years with more male patients (n=81; 64.3%) as compared to females (n=45; 35.7%). Oral SCC was found to be the most common site of squamous cell carcinoma (43.7%). Majority of the patients had well differentiated SCC (42.1%) followed by moderately differentiated (40.5%) and poorly differentiated SCC (17.4%). The comparison of severity of SCC with coagulation profile revealed that PT (P=0.01), APTT (P=0.001), D-dimers (P=0.01 and TT (P=0.01) were significantly increased, whereas fibrinogen was significantly decreased (P=0.001). Conclusions: The histological differentiation of SCC (from well differentiated to poorly differentiated tumors) showed a highly significant association with different coagulation profile parameters like PT, APTT, BT, CT, D-dimer, TT, and fibrinogen levels.
ABSTRACT… Background: Genitourinary fistula remains a major cause of morbidity worldwide. Approximately 2 million of women suffer from urinary leakage. Since the establishment of Genito urinary Fistula center at Isra University Hospital -Hyderabad Sindh. We are able to share our experience of fistulous women at the time of admission and at follow up visit. Objectives: To determine the different types of urinary incontinence in a woman after genitourinary fistula repair. Study Design: A Follow-up Descriptive study. Study Setting: This Study was done at Fistula center Isra University Hospital Hyderabad GU -11 from January 2011 to December 2013. All the women who were admitted with true incontinence followed by Obstetrical and major gynecological surgeries were included. However women with stress incontinence and urge incontinence and women who are not willing to include in the study were excluded. Result: Out of one hundred and ten (110) women included in this study, 59 (53.6%) were found to have obstetrical fistula, while 43 (39%) were suffering from Iatrogenic fistula. Continence status were explored at follow up visit. Out of 110 women, 108 (98.18%) & 96 (87.27 %) were having no signs of incontinence on examination at first visit and after six week and second visit after three month respectively. Only 7 % women fell into incontinence grade 2 at six week follow up and only one percent had persistent symptoms of stress incontinence at 3 month respectively. Women fall on incontinence grade 3, 4 and 5 were completely cured at 3 month. Conclusion: Success rate of genitor-urinary fistula repair is 98 %. Majority of women (96 %) on short term follow up at 6 weeks showed improved urinary symptoms. Moreover on follow up visit at 3 months, these women reported improved quality of life and social reintegration after fistula closure. Key words:Genito urinary fistula. Vesico vaginal fistula. Follow up. Article Citation: Amna A, Nadeem F, Srichand P. Urinary incontinence; postoperative evaluation in women after successful genitourinary fistula repair. Professional Med J 2017;24(6):824-827.
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