Given that the lockdown measures taken so as to diminish the dissemination of the COVID-19 pandemic are likely to create major mental disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), the present study was conducted aiming to evaluate the prevalence of OCD and cognitive errors among young people during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019. The present study is a descriptive, cross-sectional study in which a total of 150 young people aged 13 to 19 were randomly included. Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory Questionnaire (MOCI) and Cognitive Error Questionnaire (CEQ) were completed, and then their results were analyzed by SPSS 22 software. The results revealed that 67.3% of the subjects who were evaluated may have demonstrated OCD symptomatology. The prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms in women was slightly higher than in men (72.1 compared to 60.3%). Likewise, the test results indicated that there was a significant difference between obsessive-compulsive disorder symptom in men and women ( p = .001). There was also a significant difference between the two groups with OCD symptoms and without OCD symptoms in all the components of cognitive errors ( p = .001). To the authors’ best of knowledge, this is the first study that has evaluated OCD symptoms at the time of COVID-19 prevalence. The findings suggest the need to enhance the prevention of relapse during social restrictions as well as to develop other strategies including online consultation and digital psychiatric management.
Background and Aim: Adolescents with hearing loss face many communication problems and challenges due to their hearing impairment. This study aimed to investigate the effect of psychodrama on communication skills of adolescents with hearing loss. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest/posttest design using a control group. The study population consists of all adolescents with hearing loss aged 12–15 years studying at Naghme School for the Deaf in Yazd, Iran. A total of 24 adolescents were selected using a purposive sampling technique and were randomly assigned into groups of control (n=12) and intervention (n=12). The intervention group received psychodrama at nine sessions of 90 minutes, while the control group received no treatment. The Queendom Communication Skills Test (QCST) was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Psychodrama can improve communication skills of adolescents with hearing loss, which is verbal communication. Conclusion: The mean and standard deviation of the pretest QCST score was 78.75±9.4 for the intervention group. After the treatment, the QCST scores was 105.08±6.28 for the intervention group. The results of ANCOVA showed an improvement in Queendom Communication Skills Test scores of adolescents after intervention (p<0.001). Keywords: Hearing loss; communication skills; psychodrama
Background and Objectives: Psychodrama intervention is a roleplaying technique encouraging individuals to express, modulate, and control their emotions. This study aimed to investigate the effect of psychodrama on cognitive regulation of positive and negative emotions in people with panic disorder in Yazd, Iran. Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted using a preand post-design test with a control group. The study population consisted of all individuals with panic disorder referring to Yazd counseling and psychological centers in 2019. The sample consisted of 30 individuals who were selected through the available sampling method and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The pre-test was taken, and the participants completed the Granfski Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Moreover, the experimental group received ten 45-min psychotherapy sessions. After the intervention, both groups were re-tested using the mentioned questionnaire. The data were analyzed using ANCOVA. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of the positive cognitive emotion regulation (P=0.03) and negative cognitive emotion regulation (P=0.02). Moreover, the mean post-test score revealed that the experimental group outperformed the control group. Conclusion: It can be concluded that psychodrama intervention can be effective in cognitive regulation of positive and negative emotions in individuals with panic disorder.
Background and Aim: Children with intellectual disability have significant defects in the essential elements that constitute mental development. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of applied behavior analysis on inhibition, planning, and working memory of intellectually disabled children with hearing impairment. Methods: The study design was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and a group control. The study population comprised all intellectually disabled children with hearing impairment, referred to Yazd Rehabilitation Centers. A total of 30 students were selected from the hearing-impaired children with mild to moderate intellectual disability. Then, they were randomly assigned into control (n = 15) and experimental (n = 15) groups. The study instrument was the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) questionnaire. The program based on applied behavior analysis presented for experimental group and after that the posttest were administered for both groups. Analyses of covariance was used to analyze data. Results: The study result indicate that group therapy based on applied behavior analysis has significant effects on inhibition (p < 0.01) and planning (p < 0.05) of intellectually disabled children with hearing impairment, but cannot change their working memory (p < 0.17). Conclusion: Applied behavior analysis can be used as a therapeutic method for improving executive functions in intellectually disabled children with hearing impairment.
Introduction: Being away from anything familiar, stable, comfortable, or positive can lead to a sense of homesickness. This study aims to predict homesickness based on maladaptive schemas, psychological flexibility, and social desirability in female students residing in dormitories of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population comprised all the female students residing in dormitories of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in 2022. The sample included 125 students selected using convenience sampling method. The students filled out the following questionnaires: the Utrecht Homesickness Scale, the Young Schema Questionnaire, the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, and the Marlowe Crowne Social Desirability Scale. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation test and multiple regression. Results: According to the findings, psychological flexibility and social desirability significantly and negatively (p<0.05) predicted homesickness. Furthermore, schema of mistrust, social isolation, defectiveness, emotional deprivation, dependence, vulnerability, an underdeveloped self, failure, entitlement, insufficient self-control, subjugation, emotional inhibition, and unrelenting standards significantly and positively predicted homesickness in the students (p<0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that homesickness among dormitory students can be predicted through their maladaptive schemas, and perception of social desirability.
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