Low-level laser therapy and light-emitting diode may improve VAS scores, 2-point discrimination, and brush stroke test results without any effect on the pinprick or contact detection test results.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influences of helium–neon (He–Ne) and infrared (IR) lasers on the viability and proliferation rate of healthy and ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic (OVX) bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) in vitro. MSCs harvested from the BM of healthy and OVX rats were culture expanded. He–Ne and IR lasers were applied three times at energy densities of 0.6, 1.2, and 2.4??J/cm2 for BMMSCs. BMMSCs viability and proliferation rate were evaluated by MTT assay on days 2, 4, 6, 14, and 21. The results showed that healthy BMMSCs responded optimally to 0.6??J/cm2 using an IR laser after three times of laser radiation. Moreover, it was found that OVX-BMMSCs responded optimally to 0.6??J/cm2 with He–Ne laser and one-time laser radiation. It is concluded that the low-level laser therapy (LLLT) effect depends on the physiological state of the BMMSCs, type of the laser, wavelength, and number of laser sessions. The biostimulation efficiency of LLLT also depends on the delivered energy density. LLLT can enhance the viability and proliferation rate of healthy and especially osteoporotic autologous BMMSCs, which could be very useful in regenerative medicine.
Differentiated thyroid carcinoma is rare in patients younger than 21 years, especially in children, but it is associated with a greater risk of metastases and recurrence. The aim of our study was to compare the characteristics, clinical course, and outcome of the disease between young children (≤16 years) and adolescents (17-21 years). We reviewed the medical records of 62 young children and adolescents (47 females, 15 males, ≤21 years) with DTC who were diagnosed between 1990 and 2010 and admitted for radioiodine therapy, and compared the histopathologic features, amount and session(s) of radioiodine administration, and outcome in both groups. Young children presented with larger tumor size, more aggressive pathological features, higher incidence of locoregional and distant metastasis, and needed more admissions, and higher amounts of radioiodine for treatment. While there were more disease-free patients at the end of follow-up in the adolescents, the number of patients with stable or progressive disease was higher in younger group. Based on the results of our study, we support the more aggressive approach to DTC treatment in young children, including total thyroidectomy along with more extensive cervical lymph node dissection, L-T4 therapy in suppressive doses, and multiple sessions of postsurgical radioiodine therapy as necessitated.
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