The ability of professional nurses to be independent in their learning process is one way to ensure continued improvement and mastery of advance competencies in professional nursing practice. Efforts are being made to improve the ability of Self-Directed Learning (SDL) is expected to encourage the achievement of nursing competency standards, which are responsible for lifelong learning, professional development and maintain their competence. The aims of this study are to determine the students' SDL ability during clinical education after being involved in PBL curricula, to analyze the relationship between SDL ability and students' learning outcomes during clinical practice and to explain the description of students' SDL process. The design of quantitative was cross sectional approach and data collection using SDLRS Fisher questionnaire. Qualitative used in-depth. The participants were 60 students in Akper Syekh Yusuf Gowa who involved in the clinical education. The average score of student's self-directed learning ability was 154. The Pearson correlation test showed a positive relationship between the ability of SDL and the achievement of learning outcomes (r= 0.373 and p<0.05). Results of the qualitative data analysis showed who had high SDL score were able to perform all SDL according Knowles SDL process description. Students with high score have already internalizing SDL values. Students with low score only able to perform half of SDL process which was stated by Knowles (1975), students have not internalizing SDL values yet.
Background: Falling in the elderly is the most common thing in the elderly. Therefore the elderly need the right intervention to prevent falls. Foot massage is one of the interventions that can help the elderly overcome these health problems. Objective: to assess the effectiveness of foot massage on the balance of the elderly by looking at the duration of time used, the benefits of giving foot massage, instrument of assessment of balance. Methods: The method of searching articles through electronic databases based on PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley Online, and Google Scholars. Result: The results of a review of six articles consisting of two Randomized Control Trial (RCT) studies and four Quasi-Experiment studies discussed the effectiveness of foot massage on balance. Given the length of time for giving foot massage for 10 minutes for each foot, the most effective assessment of fall risk is to use TUG measurement, as well as some benefits of foot massage including increasing balance which is significantly demonstrated by increasing TUG, increasing flexibility and function balance of ankle joints, and can be a viable alternative treatment for performance improving balance, foot ROM, and foot sensation in diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy. Conclusion: foot massage is very useful to be done in the elderly to improve health status and can prevent the risk of falling Keywords : Foot Massage, Balance, risk of falling, elderly
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