The etiology of mandibular prognathism has been attributed to various genetic inheritance patterns and some environmental factors. The variation in inheritance patterns can be partly due to the use of different statistical approaches in the respective studies. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of genetic influences in the etiology of this trait. We performed segregation analysis on 37 families of patients currently being treated for mandibular prognathism. Mandibular prognathism was treated as a qualitative trait, with cephalometric radiographs, dental models, and photographs used to verify diagnosis. Segregation analysis of a prognathic mandible in the entire dataset supported a transmissible Mendelian major effect, with a dominant mode of inheritance determined to be the most parsimonious.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of titanium surfaces air-abraded with particles of Bioglass® 45S5 and three-ZnO and SrO doped compositions on the viability, adhesion and biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans. A statistically significant decrease in the viability of S. mutans was observed for all titanium discs air-particle abraded with the BAGs (p<0.001). Also, a significant effect on diminishing biofilm formation on the titanium discs was seen for all BAGs (p<0.01). No differences were noticed in S. mutans adhesion on titanium surfaces treated with different glasses (p=0.964). Static SBF immersion experiments showed that after 2 and 48 h the BAG doped with 4 mol% ZnO demonstrated the highest Zn 2+ ion concentration released into SBF (0.2 mg L −1 ). 45S5 BAG demonstrated the highest statistically significant increase in the pH throughout the 120 min of static immersion (p<0.001). In conclusion, we showed that titanium alloy discs abraded with particles of the experimental compositions and 45S5 BAG had strong antimicrobial activity against S. mutans and they suppressed S. mutans biofilm formation. The antimicrobial activity of 45S5 BAG was attributed to high pH whereas for the Zn-containing BAGs antimicrobial activity was due to steady release of Zn 2+ into the interfacial solution.

The results of this study suggest that both autogenous bone graft and Bio-Oss played an important role in the amount of hard tissue fill and osseointegration occurring within marginal bone defects around implants.