The purpose of this study is to examine the arrangement of trial criminal offenses in Indonesia and Thailand as well as the similarities and differences between attempted criminal offenses between the Indonesian and Thai legal systems. The approach used in this research is a statutory approach and a comparative approach. This research data collection technique was carried out through conventional and online literature searches. The data analysis technique used in this research is qualitative because the data is presented in a descriptive-narrative way. The results of the study show that the law does not provide a definition of what is meant by trial, but only provides provisions regarding the terms of probation for what kind of criminal act can be punished. Attempted criminal acts in Indonesia are regulated in Article 53 and Article 54 of the Criminal Code. Provisions regarding attempted criminal acts in Thailand are regulated in Articles 80 to 82 of the Thai Criminal Code Book I. The similarity between attempted criminal acts between Indonesia and Thailand, namely the Indonesian Criminal Code and the Penal Code of Thailand (KUHP Thailand) does not provide a definition of what is meant by attempted criminal acts because are both considered as unfinished offenses and the Indonesian Criminal Code and the Thai Criminal Code both impose a penalty of two-thirds of the principal sentence.
The type of research used in this thesis is normative juridical (legal research), using a statutory approach, and a conceptual approach. The problems in this thesis are: Regulation of personal data protection in Indonesian legislation and Corporate Criminal Liability for Personal Data Leakage. Personal data is an asset or commodity of high economic value. In addition, there is a correlative relationship between the level of trust and the protection of certain data from personal life. Protection of personal data is currently not regulated in a separate law but is still spread in various laws and regulations. Legal provisions related to the protection of personal data are still partial and sectoral, it seems that they have not been able to provide optimal and effective protection of personal data, as part of privacy. Seeing the victims of corporate crime in the criminal act of leaking personal data, it is very natural that the corporation must be responsible for all of its actions. The forms of losses and also the consequences of corporate crimes cannot be felt immediately (actual victims) but can only be felt and seen at a later time (potential victims). The victims of corporate crime include rival companies (competitors), consumers and the public (public) in general. As in the case of personal data leakage on Tokopedia, the victims are consumers who fall into the category of potential victims.
This paper analyzes Indonesian law on children's rights against sexual offenses and restitution for kid victims. This research is legal. This investigation included traditional and internet literature searches. This research uses qualitative data analysis because it's descriptive-narrative. The study found that legal protection for child victims of sexual offenses is governed under numerous laws and regulations, including Law of the Republic of
The purpose of this study is to analyze the regulation of corporate responsibility between the Indonesian and Dutch legal systems and the development of the principle of strict liability for corporations in environmental crimes in Indonesia and the Netherlands. The approach used in this research is a statutory approach and a comparative approach. This research data collection technique was carried out through conventional and online literature searches. The data analysis technique used in this research is qualitative because the data is presented in a descriptive-narrative way. The results of the study show that in Indonesian criminal law it has been recognized that corporations are the subjects or perpetrators of criminal acts, but responsibility in criminal law is still ambiguous. Several laws and regulations outside the Criminal Code formulate that corporations are explicitly recognized as legal subjects and can be accounted for. Regulations on the corporate responsibility system in the Netherlands are no longer scattered outside the Criminal Code. The application of the principle of strict liability to corporations committing environmental crimes is regulated in the Law on Environmental Protection and Management. In the Job Creation Act, there is an abolition of the strict liability provision which risks liberating corporations destroying the environment from liability.
This type of research is library research. Library research is research that is carried out through library data collection or research carried out to solve a problem which basically relies on a critical and in-depth study of relevant library materials. This research includes library research because data sources can be obtained from libraries or other documents in written form, both from journals, books and other literature. Indonesian criminal procedure law adheres to a negative statutory proof system in which proving the defendant's guilt must be based on valid evidence according to law accompanied by the conviction of the judge. The provisions of United States evidence law are regulated in the Federal Rule of Evidence. The Federal Rule of Evidence regulates general matters in the law of evidence that apply to all countries, while for more detailed matters of the law of evidence it is regulated by each state. The United States' system of evidence is conviction-in-time where the proof of guilt of the accused is only based on the judge's judgment. Indonesia adheres to a negative evidence system, while the United States adheres to a conviction-in-time system of evidence in terms of evidence that can be used in court.
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