ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Solution Focused Inventory (SFI). This inventory was developed by Grant, Cavanagh Kleitman, Spence, Lakota and Yu (2012) and has 12 items and three sub-scales. The sample of the study consists of 176 university students. The linguistic convenience and validity were supported by the positive correlation between the scores of the English and Turkish forms. The correlation coefficients were .92 for Problem disengagement sub-scale, .94 for Goal-orientation sub-scale, .91 for Resource Activation. This inventory's Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) results were RMSEA= .072 CFI= .94, IFI= .94, TLI=.91, GFI=.93, AGFI=.87. Key Words: solution focused thinking, inventory, reliability, validity SUMMARY Purpose and significance: This study aims to adapt a solution focused inventory for assessing the solution focused change. Solution Focused Inventory is an instrument which is designed to fill the gap in a reliable and functional instrument for solution focused approaches.

ilaç kullanmayan geriatrik bireylerin ÖKÖ ve GAÖ puanlarından daha yüksek düzeyde bulundu (sırasıyla p değerleri: p=0.021, p=0.017). Ayrıca kronik hastalığı olan ve sürekli ilaç kullanan geriatrik bireylerde kronik hastalık sayısı ve kullanılan ilaç sayısı ile ÖKÖ ve GAÖ puanları arasında doğrusal bir ilişki bulunmuştur (sırasıyla r = 0.87, r = 0.81). SONUÇ: Bu çalışmada kronik hastalık varlığı ve çoklu ilaç kullanımı yaşlı olgularda anksiyete ve ölüm kaygısını arttıran etkenler olarak göze çarpmaktadır. Ayrıca kullanılan ilaç sayısındaki artış ile incelenen sağlık parametrelerinin olumsuz etkilenmesi sıklıkla gözden kaçan "polifarmasi" ye dikkat çekmektedir.ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: In this study, the aim is to examine the comparison between the death anxiety and geriatric anxiety levels among the older people who have a chronic disease and not. Also, the relationship between chronic disease, the number of used drugs and the scores of death anxiety and geriatric anxiety. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The study sample is consisting of the patients who are 65 and above. The 30 participants can live without anyone else's help and have at least 3 chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, thyroid diseases, osteoporosis, osteodegenerative joint diseases, rheumatic diseases, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, asthma, gastrointestinal system diseases and chronic renal failure. Additionally, 30 older people joined in the control group and they have no chronic disease and they use no drug. These two groups were evaluated via Death Anxiety Scale (DAS), Geriatric Anxiety Scale (GAS) and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). RESULTS:The average age of the participants with chronic diseases was 70,34±4.92 when the average age of the control group was 71,42±5,08. The DAS and GAS scores of the test group were higher than the control group's scores (respectively p values: p=0.021, p=0.017). Moreover, it was found out that there was a linear relationship between the number of chronic disease and used drugs and the scores of DAS and GAS (respectively; r = 0.87, r = 0.81). CONCLUSION: This research shows that chronic diseases and polypharmacy can increase the geriatric anxiety and death anxiety.On the other hand, the number of used drugs may negatively affect some health parameters and these points out the polypharmacy.

The purpose of the present study is to translate and adapt the Geriatric Anxiety Scale (GAS), a 30-item self-report measure of anxiety among older adults, into Turkish and examine its basic psychometric properties. We tested the translated GAS in a sample of community-dwelling older adults in Konya, Turkey (N=100; Mage=71.4 years, SD=6.5; range=65-88) without a history of mental disorder and sufficient cognitive abilities. To assess the convergent validity, Turkish versions of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were administered. The mean GAS total score was 13.33 (SD=11.86). Due to low item-total correlations (<0.30), two items (items 2 and 3) were removed from the Turkish version of the GAS. The internal reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) was excellent for the total score (0.91) and acceptable for the subscales (somatic = 0.71; cognitive = 0.85; affective = 0.84). Regarding the convergent validity, the GAS total score was significantly and positively correlated with the total scores of the BAI (r=0.87, P<0.05) and GDS (r=0.57, P<0.05), with large effect sizes. Implications: The newly translated Turkish version of the GAS has promising utility in an older adult Turkish sample. Future studies of this measure are warranted.

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The purpose of the present study is to translate and adapt the Geriatric Anxiety Scale (GAS), a 30-item self-report measure of anxiety among older adults, into Turkish and examine its basic psychometric properties. We tested the translated GAS in a sample of community-dwelling older adults in Konya, Turkey (N=100; Mage=71.4 years, SD=6.5; range=65-88) without a history of mental disorder and sufficient cognitive abilities. To assess the convergent validity, Turkish versions of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were administered. The mean GAS total score was 13.33 (SD=11.86). Due to low item-total correlations (<0.30), two items (items 2 and 3) were removed from the Turkish version of the GAS. The internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha) was excellent for the total score (0.91) and acceptable for the subscales (somatic = 0.71; cognitive = 0.85; affective = 0.84). Regarding the convergent validity, the GAS total score was significantly and positively correlated with the total scores of the BAI (r=0.87, P<0.05) and GDS (r=0.57, P<0.05), with large effect sizes. Implications: The newly translated Turkish version of the GAS has promising utility in an older adult Turkish sample. Future studies of this measure are warranted.

This research was conducted to examine the solution-focused thinking and empathy levels of the faculty of education students. The study group consists of 253 students (184 females, 69 males). Findings show that there is a significant relationship between the solution-focused thinking (problem disengagement, resource activation, goal-orientation) and empathy levels (social skills, emotional reactivity, cognitive empathy) of the students. On the other hand, significant differences are found in the solution-focused thinking and empathy levels of the students in accordance with the gender and study field variables. Finally, the findings show that resource activation and goalorientation, as sub-dimensions of solutionfocused thinking, are significant predictors of empathy levels of students.Keywords: Solution focused thinking; education faculty; gender; field. (Extended English abstract is at the end of this document) ÖzetBu araştırma eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin çözüm odaklı düşünme ve empati düzeylerini incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma grubunu 253 (184 kız; 69 erkek) öğrenci oluşturmuştur.Elde edilen bulgular, öğrencilerin çözüm odaklı düşünme (problemden ayırma, kaynakları harekete geçirme, hedefe yönelim) ve empati düzeyleri (sosyal beceriler, duygusal tepki, bilişsel empati) arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğunu göstermiştir. Diğer yandan, öğrencilerin, çözüm odaklı düşünme ve empati düzeylerinde cinsiyet ve alan değişkenine göre anlamlı farklar bulunmuştur. Son olarak elde edilen bulgular, çözüm odaklı düşünmenin alt boyutlarından kaynakları harekete geçirme ve hedefe yönelim'in öğrencilerin empati düzeylerinin anlamlı yordayıcıları olduğunu göstermiştir.

The aim of this research is to identify the role of solution focused thinking and valuing on mindfulness among adults during the Covid-19 pandemic. The data were obtained through convenience sampling via an online platform. Accordingly, a total of 669 people, 357 men and 314 women, were reached. Personal information form, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, Solution Focused Inventory and Valuing Questionnaire were used to collect the data. Stepwise regression analysis was conducted to test whether progress, obstruction, goal achievement, problem disengagement and resource activation were meaninful predictors of mindfulness. When the research findings were examined in detail, it was determined that the obstruction variable was the strongest predictor of mindfulness in adults in the Covid-19 period. Other significant predictors, respectively, were determined to be problem disengagement, resource activation and progress. On the other hand, it was determined that goal orientation is not a significant predictor of mindfulness. The research findings were discussed within the scope of the literature and recommendations were made.

1-Araştırmacıların makalenin yazım sürecinde ortak bir çalışma yürütmüştür. Makale katkı oranı eşittir, makalenin dergiye sunumu, takip edilmesi ve sonlandırılması sürecine de iki yazar aynı katkıyı sağlamıştır. 2. Makalenin yazarları arasında çıkar çatışması bulunmamaktadır. 3-Makalemizde etik kurulu izni İzmir Demokrasi Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etik Kurulu tarafından çalışmanın amacı, yöntemi, veri kaynakları ve veri toplama araçları açısından değerlendirilmiş olup, Kurulun 05/03/2021 tarih ve 2021/03-01 nolu toplantısında alınan 18 nolu kararıyla etik açıdan uygun olduğuna karar verilmiştir. 4-Bu makalede araştırma ve yayın etiğine uyulmuştur. This article was checked by iThenticate. Similarity Index 06%