Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD) is a bacterial infection in chickens caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum. CRD may result in economic loss in the livestock industry, decreasing of egg production and feed efficiency, increasing of medication costs, downgrading of carcass and egg qualities. The aim of this study was to develop the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit for detecting antibodies of M. gallisepticum using freeze-thawing antigens. The cut-off point was determined by S/N method. Chicken antiserum againts M. gallisepticum was collected every week on 1st – 6th week post immunization of whole cell antigen of M. gallisepticum. Optimization of antigen, serum and conjugate were 10 μg/ml protein concentrations, 1:800 serum dilution and 1:10000 conjugate dilution. The validation results on developed ELISA kit (MyGELISA) analyzed by ROC curve using MedCalc statistical software revealed that developed ELISA kit (MyGELISA) had 100% sensitivity and 86.21% specificity with 95% confidence interval. The results of RSA, MyGELISA and commercial ELISA kit showed antibodies positif againts M. gallisepticum. In conclusion, MyGELISA using freeze-thawing antigen can be used to detect antibodies of M. gallisepticum.
<em>E. coli</em> serotype O157:H7 is a foodborne pathogen that endangers human health. Cattle are the main reservoir of this bacterium. E. coli O157:H7 that come out of the livestock can contaminate the surrounding environment, dairy products, meat, vegetable or fruit crops, so it can act as a source of infection and disease in humans. This research was conducted to identify the contamination of <em>E. coli</em> O157:H7 on dairy cow farms so the current situation is known. Sampling area for this research was dairy cow farm in Depok, Cianjur, Sukabumi, and Bandung. Types of samples taken are cow anal swab or fresh feces and livestock drinking water. Isolation of <em>E. coli</em> bacteria was done on mTSB media, agar MacConkey, and Eosin Methylene Agar. Identification of bacteria as E. coli O157:H7 was done by biochemical test and for serotype determination was used agglutination test using monospesifik antiserum for O157 and H7. The results of research showed that of the total 178 samples had 126 (70.8%) samples containing <em>E. coli</em> bacteria. Of the 126 samples containing <em>E. coli</em> bacteria, 94 (74.6%) were determined as E. coli serotype O157:H7. The presence of <em>E. coli</em> O157:H7 contaminants on dairy cow farms, their potential impacts on human health, prevention and control of the disease is discussed in this paper.
Mycoplasma bovis is one of the pathogens, causes respiratory, reproductive, mastitis and arthritis disorders in cattle. Due to the economic impact of this disease, Mycoplasma bovis must be free on farms. There are no pathognomonic symptoms of Mycoplasma infection, so it needs laboratory confirmation to diagnose. Many countries have routinely examined M. bovis on cases of mastitis, arthritis, pneumonia and reproductive disorders. There was no cases of respiratory disorder in cattle related to M. bovis infection reported in Indonesia. The fact that, in many countries almost that cases related to the presence of M. bovis. The presence of M. bovis in Indonesia should be investigated, considering that Indonesia imports cattle from Australia and New Zealand that expose to M. bovis. This paper discusses the incidence of M. bovis infection in many countries including its economic impact, clinical symptoms, and method of diagnosis and control of disease to anticipate the emergence of this disease in Indonesia.
This study aims to validate and re-evaluate the use of H2SO4, BaCl2, and seed germination assay (SGA) methods to detect early pregnancy in cattle. Validation was carried out in order to find out the actual test performance value, which include accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.Validation test was done by reacting the urine of pregnant and non-pregnant cattle populations with H2SO4 solution diluted at a ratio of 1 : 4, with 1% BaCl2 solution or through germination of mung bean seeds in Petri dishes. The results of this study indicated that the H2SO4 and BaCl2 methods have poor accuracy (21.88% and 28.13%) with the sensitivity of 81.82% and 100% and specificity of 9.43% and 13.21%, respectively. Meanwhile, the SGA method had a fairly good accuracy (74.55%) with sensitivity and specificity of 45.46% and 81.82%, respectively. Based on these results, the H2SO4, BaCl2, and SGA methods are not recommended for detection of early pregnancy in the field.
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