Erythrocyt and Haemoglobin on Cave Bat at Gombong Karst Area, Kebumen Regency, Central Jawa. The purpose of this study was observe physiological adaptation of the cave bats conducted from September 2009 to March 2010 in twelve caves within the karst of Gombong, Kebumen Regency, Central Java. In each caves where the bats roosting, temperature, also humidity, oxygen percentage in the air, and ammonia content were measured. Three individual samples were caught from every bat roost during the day when the bats were staying in their roosts. Then the amount of erythrocyte was counted by hemocytometer and hemoglobin content was measured using Sahli's method. The data were analyzed using RDA and multiple regressions. It was concluded that humidity, temperature, oxygen and ammonia correlated significantly with erythrocyte and hemoglobin content. The amount of erythrocyte increased by increasing humvel.

Abstract. Wijayanti F, Maryanto I. 2017 Diversity and pattern of nest preference of bat species at bat-dwelling caves in Gombong Karst, Central Java,. A study on the diversity of bat species, their community structure and pattern of roosting preference, has been conducted in twelve caves in Gombong Karst, Central Java. Bats were caught at the roosting place during the day. Length, width, and height of cave passage were measured, as well as a number of entrances and cave's ventilation were also calculated. In addition, microclimate parameters were measured under the bat roosts. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, Redundancy analysis (RDA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Fifteen species (eleven species of insectivorous bats and four species of fruit bats) were recorded. The result also shows that the length, height, and width of the cave passage influenced the community structure of bats. While the other physical factors, i.e. sound intensity, distance from the cave entrance, temperature, humidity, and light intensity influence the bat nesting preference. Furthermore, there were five groups of bats which have a specific pattern of roosting preference.

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Macrozoobenthos is biota that live inside or ABSTRAKMakrozoobentos adalah biota yang hidup di dalam substrat maupun menempel di permukaan dasar perairan. Makrozoobentos memiliki peran penting dalam eksositem akuatik, yaitu sebagai sumber makanan biota perairan dan sebagai detritus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman makrozoobentos di Situ Gintung, Situ Bungur dan Situ Kuru. Titik pengambilan sampel terdiri dari 5 stasiun dengan masing-masing 3 ulangan. Faktor fisik kimia makrozoobentos diuji dengan ttest. Hasil t-test menunjukkan di Situ Gintung dan Situ Bungur hanya nilai pH yang berbeda (p<0,01), sedangkan Situ Kuru memiliki kondisi fisik kimia yang berbeda dengan Situ Gintung dan Situ Bungur (p<0,01). Makrozoobentos yang ditemukan di ketiga lokasi pengamatan seluruhnya terdiri dari 10 famili dan 16 jenis. Makrozoobentos dari jenis P. canaliculata terlihat mendominasi pada lokasi Situ Gintung. Sedangkan pada lokasi Situ Kuru jenis T. tubifex ditemukan lebih mendominasi. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman (H') di Situ Gintung (1,74) dan Situ Bungur (2,29) yang tergolong sedang, mengindikasikan kedua perairan tercemar sedang. Sedangkan nilai indeks keanekaragaman Situ Kuru (0,92) yang rendah, mengindikasikan perairan tersebut tercemar berat.

Tidung Kecil Island had potential as bird's habitat because the condition of forest better than Tidung Besar. Bird's habitat in Tidung Kecil Island also had bad potential because of logging and burned in vegetation areal for build and for activity of tourism. Study about bird were very important because we could know the change that happened in one ecosystem. The purposed of this research was to know the variety of bird and usefully of vegetation as bird's habitat in Tidung Kecil Island. This researched hold on January until March 2015 in Tidung Kecil Island, Thousand Island, Jakarta. This research carried out by combination of IPA (Index Point Of Abundance) method and transect method that divided into 9 point along transect. The result of researched were 29 species of bird from 19 family with IPA method and 31 species of bird from 20 family with Mackinnon list method. Composition of bird species include of 24 resident bird species and 7 migrant bird species. The number of variety species index was 2,39 (medium). Evenness index value was 0,7 (high). The number of species richness was 4,31(high). The species of tree that often used by bird was Casuarina equisetifolia (76,47%). The most used base of vertical level tree by bird in Tidung Kecil Island was level three. Conservation status in Tidung Kecil Island based on IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) were 100% (least concern). Based on Government Regulations No.7 year 1999, there were 7 species of bird that were protected. There were no species of bird that were protected by CITES (Convention on International Trade of Endangered Spesies of Wild Fauna and Flora).

Kelelawar merupakan salah satu spesies mamalia yang memiliki habitat cukup berdekatan dengan aktivitas manusia dan mampu terbang dalam jarak jauh. Habitat kelelawar dengan kondisi lembab, suhu rendah dan intensitas cahaya rendah berpotensi sebagai distribusi mikroba dan menyebabkan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh cendawan dan khamir yang ditemukan di kelelawar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis cendawan pada habitat kelelawar. Metode tangkapan menggunakan kelelawar untuk ditangkap dan dilepaskan dengan mist net dan sampel diambil secarapurposive sampling. Sampel yang dikumpulkan adalah rambut hidung dan air liur di mulut kelelawar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 4 jenis cendawan dan 2 spesies khamir diidentifikasi seperti Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus, Fusarium sp., Mucor sp., Candida sp. dan Rhodotorula sp. Cendawan dan khamir yang ditemukan di kelelawar belum diketahu efek negatif terhadap kesehatan, namun beberapa genera cendawan memiliki patogen potensial pada organisme hidup lainnya.

Abstract. Elfidasari D, Wijayanti F, Muthmainah HF. 2020. Short Communication: The effect of water quality on the population density of Pterygoplichthys pardalis in the Ciliwung River, Jakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4100-4106. The quality of waters is determined by the average value of the measured parameter range with a direct impact on aquatic biota due to pollution. The Ciliwung River is one of the polluted waters in Jakarta, which is the habitat for Pterygoplichthys pardalis (plecos catfish) that dominates the river. This study, therefore, aimed to analyze the influence of Ciliwung River quality on the density of P. pardalis. Data were obtained by measuring  DO, BOD, pH, rainfall, temperature, water clarity, turbidity, current velocity, river depth, ammonia, and phosphate levels, as well as the fish population density. The research result showed that the density of P. pardalis population was greatly influenced by the DO, BOD, pH, turbidity, and ammonia parameters of the Ciliwung River. The waters quality with the DO condition of 2.6 mg/L, BOD of 1,2 mg/L, pH of 7.2, the turbidity of 3.85 FTU and ammonia of 2.65 ppm were the optimum conditions for the highest population density of P. pardalis in the Ciliwung River

Abstract. Elfidasari D, Wijayanti F, Sholihah A. 2020. Trophic level and Position of Pterygoplichthys pardalis in Ciliwung River (Jakarta, Indonesia) ecosystem based on the gut content analysis. Biodiversitas 21: 2862-2870. The trophic level of an organism describes its sequence of natural diet visible to the food chain along with its ecosystem. This is also related to the type of diet composition and food fraction obtained by analyzing its gut content. The Pterygoplichthys pardalis from Ciliwung River show the diversity of the natural diet. The aims of this study is to determine the trophic level and position of P. pardalis in the Ciliwung River ecosystem based on gut content analysis using the purposive sampling method. Data were obtained from a total of 30 fishes from the Kalibata and Cawang areas through observations. The fishes were dissected, and gut contents were observed using a light microscope, with observations repeated 5 times of each sample. Data analysis includes relative length of gut, Index of Preponderance, area of the diet niche, niche area, niche overlap, and trophic level of an organism. The results showed that P. pardalis in Ciliwung River is at trophic level II, and included as herbivores (2.00 < troph < 2.90) that consist of Bacillariophyta (82.03%), Chlorophyta (12.7%), Cyanophyta (3.74%), Euglenophyta (1.19%), Amoebozoa (0.28%), and Dinoflagellata (0.68%).