The study investigates the effect of political stability and budget deficit on the real exchange rate. We used a panel data set of south Asian countries, including Pakistan, China, Bangladesh and India. We applied the panel unit root test, Kaos panel Cointegration and fully modified the least square in the study to reach robustness of findings. Findings reveal that real exchange rate(RER) and political stability are positively related. It supports the argument that political stability attracts foreign investment, appreciates local currency, and leads to higher RER. However, results reveal that the budget deficit is not related to RER. This study provides new empirical evidence to policymakers and government officials that political stability encourages foreign investors and appreciates exchange rate.

The purpose of this paper is to measure the impact of human resource management practices individually and as a system on organizational commitment. Data were collected from 304 respondents from banking sector of China. A questionnaire survey for this purpose was conducted in different cities of China. Correlations and multiple regression statistics analysis were used to explore the relationship between the variables involved in the study. The findings of the study provide support for the variables (selection, training, performance appraisal, promotion, performance based rewards, information sharing, job security and human resource management system) and are confirmed by the results of the previous studies. The findings of the current study support the notion that the HR practices relates to organizational commitment, individually and as a system as well. These findings provide important avenues for the banking sector of China and for the debate regarding convergence of the human resource management practices regionally as well as internationally.

The study was mainly focused on estimation of monetary policy reaction function and degree of sterilization for the sample comprising of Pakistan, Korea, Philippines and Japan by using quarterly data ranging from 1980-1 to 2007-2. The study has used Johansen multivariate co integration technique. We conclude that over the period of study all the central banks of these countries have conducted a strong sterilization policy, but not fully sterilized the capital inflow. These countries have used the sterilization policy, though it is different in magnitude for different countries. Results show that in all the economies whether they are agriculture or non-agriculture they sterilized their capital inflows in the long run. Short run adjustment towards the long run equilibrium shows high value of adjustment for Korea and Philippines while for Pakistan its coefficient shows very little adjustment. On the other hand Korea and Philippines has shown comprehensive adjustment policies towards long term adjustment.

The study explored the organization's cultural values in universities of Pakistan. Using the responses of 674 academic faculty members from 23 public sector universities, the researchers analyzed: a) whether the Hofstede's (1980,1984) findings regarding Pakistan's cultural orientation still prevailed in society; and b) whether the perception of cultural dimensions existed equally among all ranks and gender. The results exhibited the moderate change in power distance orientation and significant change in masculinity and long term orientation. On the other hand, the cultural orientation of collectivism and uncertainty avoidance were found consistent with Hofstede's results. Moreover, the study also indicated that the perception of cultural dimensions orientation varied among ranks and gender. This study will be helpful for policy makers and for management in order to understand the culture and boundaries, and to make and implement the policies regarding Pakistani culture. Furthermore, these findings will be fruitful for managers to deal with their subordinates for smooth functioning and improvement of organizations.

The study aims to empirically test the role of ambidextrous leadership on change‐oriented organizational citizenship behavior through psychological safety (PS). The role of leadership is important in cultivating employee's creative behavior. To test our hypothesized model, we have collected data from the textile industry of Pakistan in which 175 leader‐follower dyads were selected as sample. The data were collected in two‐time lags to avoid social desirability bias. Causal attribution theory was used to test the model and structural equation modeling has been used for data analysis. We have found full mediation of PS in the relationship between ambidextrous leadership and change‐oriented organizational citizenship behavior. Theoretical and managerial implications along with limitations and future direction are discussed.