Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease on the deepest lining of the colon and rectum. Wogonin is an antitumor flavonoid, which possesses various therapeutic properties. Even if the anti-colitis effect of wogonin was documented earlier, but the wogonin effect on inflammation underlying mechanism is not fully elucidated. In this present study, we hypothesized to study the oxidative damage, anti-inflammatory, and molecular action of wogonin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC mice model. In methods, mice were categorized into four groups: that is, normal control, DSS alone, DSS + wogonin (30 mg/kg/day), and DSS + sulfasalazine (50 mg/kg/ day). We determined the biochemical markers, inflammatory cytokines, histopathology of colon tissue, and western blot analysis. DSS significantly reduced body weight, colon length, and increased inflammation in the colon. Wogonin treatment prevented colonic ulceration, neutrophil infiltration, oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and histological changes. Oxidative damage and inflammatory mediators' elevation were also dramatically diminished by wogonin. Wogonin activates apoptosis via inhibiting Bcl-2 and augmenting Bax, caspase-3, and -9 expressions. Wogonin downregulated the COX-2 and iNOS, thereby repressing NF-κB. Wogonin regulated the Nrf2 signaling pathway and decreased TLR-4/NF-κB triggering. Taken together our study exposed that wogonin has a promising anti-ulcerative agent and recommended for good anti-inflammatory drug in the colon.
Background The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines 2018 and the recent update of that (version 2020) recommends accurate examination before major treatment for decision(s) in cases of colon cancer. Also, the difficulty in the identification of the lesion during colectomy may lead to resection of a wrong segment of the colon or a more extensive resection than planned. Accurate pre-colectomy local staging of colon cancer is required to make decisions for treatment of colon cancer. The objective of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the computed tomography colonography (CTC) for pre-colectomy tumor location and tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) staging of colon cancer. Methods Data of preoperative colonoscopies, CTC, surgeries, and surgical pathology of a total of 269 patients diagnosed with colon cancer by colonoscopy and biopsy and underwent pre-colectomy location and TNM staging by CTC were collected and analyzed. The consistency between the radiological and the surgery/surgical-pathological for location and TN stages of colon tumor were estimated with the weighted kappa or kappa coefficient (κ) at 95% confidence interval (CI). Results CTC detected 261 (93%) and colonoscopy detected 201 (72%) correct locations of tumors. Sensitivity and accuracy of CTC for detection of location of colon tumors were 100% and 92.58% (κ = 0.89; 95% Cl: 0.83–0.95). 72.48% sensitivity, 90.64% specificity, and 83.57% accuracy were reported for CTC in differentiation of tumors confined to the colon wall (T1/T2) from advanced tumors (T3/T4) (κ = 0.69, 95% Cl: 0.51–0.75). 81.01% sensitivity, 89.11% specificity, and 83.93% accuracy of CTC was reported for differentiation of tumors between low–intermediate risk and high risk (κ = 0.68, 95% Cl: 0.53–0.75). 69.31% sensitivity, 66.15% specificity, and 67.14% accuracy of CTC were reported for N staging of tumors (κ = 0.41, 95% Cl: 0.59–0.69). Conclusions CTC has high diagnostic parameters for pre-colectomy location and T staging of colon tumors except patients of colon cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Level of Evidence III. Technical Efficacy Stage 2.
IntroductionThe preparation and formulation of new chemotherapeutic supplements and drugs with remarkable effects for the treatment of cancer are in the priority of both developing and developed countries. Recently, iron nanoparticles have been used as modern chemotherapeutic drugs for the treatment of several cancers such as leukemia, lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, etc. In the present study, iron nanoparticles were green-synthesized using the aqueous extract of Alhagi sparsifolia leaf aqueous extract.Material and methodsThe synthesized FeNPs were characterized by analytical techniques including SEM, TEM, UV-Vis., and FT-IR. The anti-human colorectal carcinoma activity of FeNPs was evaluated using MTT assay. In the cellular and molecular part of the recent study, the treated cells with FeNPs were assessed by MTT assay for 48h about the cytotoxicity and anti-human colorectal carcinoma properties on normal (HUVEC) and colorectal carcinoma cell lines i.e. HT-29, HCT 116, HCT-8, and Ramos.2G6.4C10.ResultsThe nanoparticles were formed in a spherical shape in the average size of 47.24 nm. In the antioxidant test, the IC50 of FeNPs and BHT against DPPH free radicals were 161 and 134 µg/mL, respectively. The viability of malignant colorectal cell line reduced dose-dependently in the presence of FeNPs. The IC50 of FeNPs were 250, 293, 276, and 344 µg/mL against HT-29, HCT 116, HCT-8, and Ramos.2G6.4C10 cell lines, respectively.ConclusionsAfter clinical study, iron nanoparticles containing Alhagi sparsifolia leaf aqueous extract may be used to formulate a new chemotherapeutic drug or supplement to treat the several types of human colorectal carcinoma.
Background: The prognostic value of Musashi-2 (MSI2) in human malignancies remains controversial. We thus conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the association between MSI2 expression and prognosis of patients with malignancies. Materials and Methods: We searched EMBASE, PubMed and Web of Science up to June 2021 for eligible studies. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to assess the prognostic value of MSI2 expression. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were calculated to evaluate the association between MSI2 expression and clinicopathological traits. Results: Sixteen studies involving 2203 patients were finally included in this meta-analysis. We found that high MSI2 expression might predict unfavorable OS (HR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.62–2.10, P < .0001) and DFS/RFS (HR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.87–2.57, P < .0001). Besides, the pooled results indicated that increased MSI2 expression correlated with large tumor size, poor tumor differentiation, positive lymph node metastasis and advanced tumor stage. Conclusions: Taken together, our data implies that MSI2 overexpression is related to poor survival outcomes in patients with malignancy. Therefore, MSI2 may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target of malignancies. However, large-scale prospective and homogeneous investigations should be conducted in the future to further validate our findings.
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