No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Despite the major medical advancements in recent decades, treating infected wounds successfully remains a challenge. In this research, a functional blend of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and Chitosan (Cs) was developed for wound infection mitigation with tailored biological and physicochemical properties. Water insoluble kaempferol (KPF) was pre-formulated to water soluble KPF nanocrystals (KPF-NCs) with fine particle size of 145±11 nm, and high colloidal stability (−31±0.4 mV) to improve its drug transdermal delivery. PHB-Cs-KPF-NCs (1:2 ratio) film owned the best physical properties in terms of high breathability, thermal stability and mechanical strength (33±1 MPa). Besides, XRD and FTIR findings indicated the interaction between Cs, PHB and KPF, reducing the film crystallinity. The scanning electron microscopy of the film displayed a highly interconnected porous morphology. KPF-NCs were integrated in PHB-Cs matrix with a marked encapsulation efficiency of 96.6%. The enhanced drug-loading film showed a sustain release pattern of KPF-NCs over 48 h. Interestingly, the developed blend possessed an impressive blood clotting capacity within 20 min. Furthermore, we presented a new naturally-sourced mixture of Cs+KPF-NCs with powerful antibacterial effects against MDR Staphylococcus aureus and Acentibacter baumannii at very low concentrations. The membrane evidenced a remarkable antibacterial nature in vitro with almost 100% cell viability reduction against the study strains after 48 h. By virtue of these advantages, this green blend is highly proposed for optimal wound care.

Highlights Covid 19 represents a threat for the humanity so there is a dire need to produce a treatment or a protocol to avoid its spread. Ribosomal proteins may resemble an effective tool for attenuation of viral replication. RPL9 can be over expressed and purified from bacteria, yeast and humans. More clinical and cytotoxicity studies are needed to produce an effective and reliable treatment to this pandemic disease.

Biosurfactants are natural compounds produced biologically by certain bacterial strains. They are promising alternatives in several applications due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and reduced toxicity. Systemic toxicity problems and drug resistance in tumor chemotherapy are urging the continued discovery of new antitumor agents. Biosurfactants have significant effect in inhibiting multiple tumor types. Specifically, surfactin, iturin, and fengycin lipopeptide biosurfactant were previously produced from several bacterial species belonging to Bacillus genus. Only few previous studies investigated their cytotoxicity against some tumor types such as breast, colon, leukemia, hepatoma and others. Due to the probability of being potential antitumor treatments, biosurfactants nanoparticles could be clinically recommended. This review discussed the properties of biologically-produced biosurfactants and their antitumor activities against distinctive cancer models. Additionally, it underlines their potential mechanisms and sheds light on the discovery of new active bioproducts.

Because of their biodegradability, compostability, compatibility and flexible structures, biodegradable polymers such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are an important class of biopolymers with various industrial and biological uses. PHAs are thermoplastic polyesters with a limited processability due to their low heat resistance. Furthermore, due to their high crystallinity, some PHAs are stiff and brittle. These features result sometimes in very poor mechanical characteristics with low extension at break values which limit the application range of some natural PHAs. Several in vivo approaches for PHA copolymer modifications range from polymer production to enhance PHA-based material performance after synthesis. The methods for enzymatic and chemical polymer modifications are aiming at modifying the structures of the polyesters and thereby their characteristics while retaining the biodegradability. This survey illustrates the efficient use of enzymes and chemicals in post-synthetic PHA modifications, offering insights on these green techniques for modifying and improving polymer performance. Important studies in this sector will be reviewed, as well as chances and obstacles for their stability and hyper-production.

No abstract