Wu, Aiguo, Xiufa Sun, Fada Wan, and Yugu Liu. Modulations by dietary restriction on antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in developing mice. J Appl Physiol 94: 947-952, 2003. First published November 8, 2002 10.1152/ japplphysiol.00779.2002The effects of dietary restriction (DR) on the activities of liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (Cat), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and the level of lipid peroxidation (LP) in developing mice were investigated in this study. Male and female Kunmin mice were fed a standard rodent diet ad libitum (AL), 80% of AL food intake (20% DR), or 65% of AL food intake (35% DR) for 12 or 24 wk. Both 12 and 24 wk of DR resulted in retarded body weight gain in male and female mice. The activities of SOD, Cat, and GPX and the content of LP in DR male and female mice were not different (P Ͼ 0.05) from those in controls after 12 wk of DR. However, the SOD activity was increased at 24 wk in 20% DR (P Ͻ 0.05) and 35% DR (P Ͻ 0.01) male, but not in DR female, mice. The Cat activity was elevated at 24 wk in both DR male (P Ͻ 0.05 for 20% DR, P Ͻ 0.01 for 35% DR) and female (P Ͻ 0.01) mice with a greater increase in DR female (P Ͻ 0.05) than in DR male animals. GPX activity was also increased at 24 wk in DR male (P Ͻ 0.01) and female (P Ͻ 0.01) mice with a greater elevation in DR females (P Ͻ 0.05) than in DR males. Furthermore, LP was decreased at 24 wk in both DR male (P Ͻ 0.01) and female (P Ͻ 0.01) animals with a greater reduction in DR females (P Ͻ 0.01) compared with DR males. These findings indicated that 24 wk, but not 12 wk, of DR led to differential effects on liver SOD, Cat, and GPX activities and LP content in male and female mice during development, suggesting sex-associated modulations of DR on antioxidant systems in developing animals. superoxide dismutase; catalase; glutathione peroxidase IT IS WELL KNOWN THAT reactive oxygen species (ROS) can damage proteins, lipids, and DNA, playing a significant role in numerous diseases, including atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders (1, 3, 4). ROS also mediates cytotoxicity of many environment chemicals, such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (38), arsenic (21), and cadmium (36). The generation of ROS involves normal cellular metabolism (17) and oxidation of a variety of cytotoxic agents such as bleomycin (9). The antioxidant systems, including antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes, can ameliorate the deleterious effects of ROS in vivo and in vitro. Antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (Cat), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) function, by catalyzing the decomposition of oxidants and free radicals. Interventions to increase antioxidant capacity and reduce oxidative damage have been suggested as a potentially useful strategy to prevent or retard the adverse actions of ROS. It has been suggested that dietary restriction (DR) might extend life span, reduce incidence and degree of numerous pathologies, and increase resistance to environmental chemicals by limiting free ...
The effects of dietary restriction (DR) on growth, neurobehavior, and reproduction in developing Kunmin mice were investigated in this study. Male and female mice were fed a standard rodent diet ad libitum (control), 80% of control (20% DR), or 65% of control (35% DR) for 3 months. Body weight of DR mice was reduced relative to control except that of females in the 20% DR group (no difference as compared with control group). Learning and memory retention test in a Y maze demonstrated that DR increased learning, but not retention, in male mice, whereas neither learning nor retention was affected in females. The open-field test revealed no difference in exploratory activity in all groups. Reproductive assessment showed that 35% DR retarded the maturation of reproductive function and reduced fertility compared with other groups. Furthermore, both 20% and 35% DR led to a lower level of sperm motility and a higher level of abnormal sperm relative to control mice. These findings indicate that DR does not cause damaging effects on growth and neurobehavior, but imposes a risk to reproductive development events.
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