Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease that affects the central nervous system. Clinical presentation and prevalence vary widely around the world. Objective: To describe the clinical and epidemiological aspects of patients with MS in Uberaba (MG). Method: We conducted a transversal descriptive study, with data analysis of 35 patients with MS. Results: Prevalence of MS was 12.5 cases/100,000 inhabitants, with a predominance in females (71.4%) and Caucasoid (85.7%). The current average age was (43.8 ys). The most common initial symptom was sensory (40%), followed by optical neuritis (25.7%). Expanded Disability Status Scale average score was 2.4. The relapsing-remitting form was predominant (88.6%), most (74.3%) were on immunomodulatory treatment and (40%) had college education. Conclusion: Prevalence of MS in Uberaba (MG) is considered average in accordance to Kurtzke and Page and clinical features are consistent with most Brazilian studies.

Objective:To assess the effect of chronic alcohol consumption on the longitudinal growth of the tibia and bone quality parameters in young rats under an experimental setup.METHODS:The control (n=10) rats received only water. The ethanol (n=10) rats received ethyl alcohol at concentrations established in the protocol for the induction of chronic alcohol consumption. The blood samples were immediately collected via cardiac puncture and processed to evaluate the levels of alkaline phosphatase by automated spectrophotometry. Following blood sample collection, both tibias were dissected, and weighed; the tibial length was measured., and the samples were stored in a freezer for future analysis of the bone mineral content and mechanical resistance, known as maximal load and stiffness.RESULTS:Compromised bone health, with a 35.3% decrease in the serum alkaline phosphatase levels (p < 0.01), a 10% decrease in the tibial mass (p < 0.05), and a 5.3% decrease in the tibial length (p < 0.0001) were noted. Furthermore, a 10% decrease in the bone mineral density was observed (p < 0.01), which led to a 17.2% decrease in the maximum strength (p < 0.01) and 22.6% decrease in stiffness (p < 0.001).CONCLUSION:Chronic consumption of alcohol affected the bones of young rats, making them weaker and osteopenic. In addition, the long bones were shorter, suggesting interference with growth. Level of Evidence III, Case Control Study.

Fisioter Mov. 2013 set/dez;26(4):página 873-81 doi: ISSN 0103-5150 Fisioter. Mov., Curitiba, v. 26, n. 4, p. página 873-881, set./dez. 2013 Licenciado sob uma Licença Creative Commons [T] Avaliação da qualidade de vida e do tratamento fisioterapêutico em pacientes com cervicalgia crônica [I] Evaluation of quality of life and the physiotherapy treatment in patients with chronic neck pain [A] Marisa Resumo Introdução: Para analisar a efetividade do tratamento fisioterapêutico no paciente com dor crônica cervical, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar antes e após o tratamento fisioterapêutico: a qualidade de vida com o instrumento WHOQOL-100 e a melhora na amplitude de movimento usando um goniômetro. Borges MC, Borges CS, Silva AGJ, Castellano LRC, Cardoso FAG. 874 de alongamento melhoram de forma significativa a amplitude de movimento articular em mulheres com cervicalgia crônica. Chiu et al. (20) observaram melhora na dor crônica cervical e na limitação articular após seis semanas de tratamento com TENS e exercícios. Conclusão: O presente estudo conclui que a intervenção fisioterapêutica composta de exercícios de alongamento, técnicas de relaxamento, massagens e eletroterapia foram benéficos para melhorar a qualidade de vida e a flexibilidade nos pacientes com cervicalgia crônica. [P] Palavras-chave: Fisioterapia. Qualidade de vida. Cervicalgia. Goniometria articular.[B] AbstractIntroduction: In order to analyze the effectiveness of the physiotherapeutic treatment in patients with chronic neck pain, this work had as a goal to evaluate the period before and after the physiotherapeutic treatment: quality of life as a WHOQOL-100 tool and the improvement of the range of motion (ROM), using a goniometer. Materials and methods: 15 patients were members of this study (10 women and 5 men). Results: Level of significance adopted was p < 0.05. It was observed significant improvement after physical therapy in the domain

OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the influence of secondhand cigarette smoke exposure on longitudinal growth of the tibia of growing rats and some parameters of bone quality.METHODS:Forty female rats were randomly divided into four groups: control: rats were sham exposed; 30 days: rats were exposed to tobacco smoke for 30 days; 45 days: rats were exposed to tobacco smoke for 45 days; and 60 days: rats were exposed to tobacco smoke for 60 days. Blood samples were collected to evaluate the levels of cotinine and alkaline phosphatase. Both tibias were dissected and weighed; the lengths were measured, and the bones were then stored in a freezer for analysis of bone mineral content and mechanical resistance (maximal load and stiffness).RESULTS:Exposure of rats to tobacco smoke significantly compromised bone health, suggesting that the harmful effects may be time dependent. Harmful effects on bone growth were detected and were more pronounced at 60-day follow-ups with a 41.8% reduction in alkaline phosphatase levels (p<0.01) and a decrease of 11.25% in tibia length (p<0.001). Furthermore, a 41.5% decrease in bone mineral density was observed (p<0.001), leading to a 42.8% reduction in maximum strength (p<0.001) and a 56.7% reduction in stiffness (p<0.001).CONCLUSION:Second hand cigarette smoke exposure in rats affected bones that were weaker, deforming them and making them osteopenic. Additionally, the long bone was shorter, suggesting interference with growth. Such events seem to be related to time of exposure.

Relationship of muscle strength with activities of daily living and quality of life in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [I] Relação das forças musculares com as atividades da vida diária e qualidade de vida em indivíduos com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica [A] Gualberto Ruas [a] , Wilbert Esteban Cárdenas Urquizo [a] , George Kemil Abdalla [b] , Dayana Pousa Siqueira Abrahão [b ] , Fabrizio Antonio Gomide Cardoso [a] , Patrícia Sena Pinheiro Abstract Introduction: Few activities of daily living (ADLs) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are tolerated because they are associated with ventilatory and metabolic changes. Simply lifting the upper limb muscle requires changes, resulting in thoracic abdominal asynchrony, increased dyspnea, and can interfere

A Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Humana Adquirida (SIDA) onera a sociedade e representa um dos maiores desafios da saúde mundial em decorrência da sua gravidade, disseminação e desigualdade ao acesso a terapia antirretroviral. Objetivo: analisar a espessura das trabéculas ósseas e a densidade de colágeno total de fragmentos de autópsias da medula óssea de indivíduos com SIDA. Metodologia: estudo observacional retrospectivo, analítico e quantitativo, realizado a partir de 60 fragmentos da medula óssea de indivíduos autopsiados, com idade entre 26 e 71 anos, divididos em quatro grupos, adultos e idosos com e sem SIDA. Para as análises histomorfométricas foram utilizadas as técnicas de histomorfometria com microscopia de luz comum para análise quantitativa da espessura e técnica de microscopia com luz polarizada para avaliação do colágeno total nas trabéculas ósseas. Resultados: os grupos de adultos e de idosos com SIDA apresentaram diminuição significativa na espessura das trabéculas ósseas em comparação aos grupos de adultos e de idosos sem SIDA (p<0,001). Na avaliação do colágeno os grupos de adultos e de idosos com SIDA apresentaram aumento significativo do colágeno total (p<0,001) em comparação aos grupos sem SIDA. Na comparação entre os indivíduos adultos e idosos com SIDA houve aumento significativo do colágeno total no grupo de adultos (p=0,041). Como resultado complementar, o índice de massa corporal entre os grupos com a SIDA apresentou diminuição significativa no grupo de idosos (p=0,040) em comparação ao grupo de adultos. Conclusão: o fator SIDA influencia a diminuição da espessura das trabéculas ósseas e favorece o aumento do colágeno total em adultos e idosos sendo fator importante na avaliação da massa óssea, principalmente em indivíduos com mais de 50 anos que apresentam maior perda da matriz orgânica.

A Síndrome de Down apresenta alterações biomecânicas e estruturais que resultam em déficit na ativação muscular e consequentemente no equilíbrio. Diante disto, a Realidade Virtual surge como instrumento terapêutico, no qual são apresentadas aos usuários oportunidades de envolvimento em ambientes virtuais, que adiciona um fator motivacional e lúdico à reabilitação. Objetivo: Verificar os efeitos da terapia de Realidade Virtual no equilíbrio e na atividade muscular de membros inferiores de crianças com Síndrome de Down. Métodos: A amostra foi composta por indivíduos com Síndrome de Down com idade média de 10,8 ± 3,4 anos, submetidos a avaliações motoras pré e pós intervenções em terapia de Realidade Virtual por meio do Nintendo Wii. Resultados: O deslocamento medial e lateral (p=0,016), deslocamento anteroposterior (p= 0,056) e atividade muscular do músculo tibial anterior (p=0,001) tiveram melhora significativa após a terapia. Conclusão: A Terapia proposta é eficiente e está indicada para a melhora do equilíbrio e atividade muscular de membros inferiores das crianças com Síndrome de Down.

Several disorders which affect the oral cavity, salivary composition and, flow have been described in alcoholics chronic, thus this study aimed to evaluate the effects of chronic alcoholism on the salivary glands of Wistar rats. It was used 18 animals randomly subdivided into two groups: control (C) and treated with ethanol (T). C group (n=9) received water ad libitum and T group (n=9) received alcoholic solution ad libitum: 5% ethanol (1st week), 10% ethanol (2nd week) and 20% ethanol (for 9 weeks). After the treatment period, the animals were anesthetized and euthanized by decapitation. The parotid, submandibular and sublingual salivary glands of both groups were dissected, fixed and processed for paraffin. Histological sections were stained with hematoxylin/eosin and Picro-Sirius red stained, and the rate of cell proliferation was determined by immunohistochemistry with the marker KI-67. The salivary glands of group C showed preserved parenchyma, while the parotid and submandibular glands of group T showed hydropic degeneration, atypical nuclei, non-evident nucleolus and condensed chromatin in serous acini. The intercalated, striated and excretory ducts were seen with punctual areas of degeneration and nuclear atypia. In the submandibular glands there was a 73% increase in proliferative cells in T, when compared to C (p<0.05). However, in the parotid glands, there was no significant difference in the rate of cell proliferation. The results suggest that there is an increase in the rate of cell proliferation in submandibular glands of Wistar rats subjected to chronic alcohol consumption, and also show that chronic alcohol consumption promotes morphological changes in the salivary glands of these rats, causing a deleterious effect on cellular structures.