Abstrak_ Keberagaman gaya bangunan di Indonesia salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh masuknya Belanda ke Indonesia. Arsitektur Hindia Belanda masuk ke Indonesia sebelum Perang Dunia II dan dipelopori terutama oleh Thomas Karsten dan Henri Mecalien Pont. Dalam karyanya, Thomas Karsten selalu memperhatikan budaya lokal dan iklim setempat, hal ini sejalan dengan prinsip arsitektur kontekstual. Arsitektur kontekstual berusaha untuk menjadi arsitektur yang berkontribusi kepada sekitarnya dengan menyelaraskan bangunan baru, dengan tidak melupakan konteks lingkungan di mana bangunan tersebut dibangun, salah satunya dengan memperhatikan nilai lokalitasnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karya Thomas Karsten mengenai rancangan kontekstual yang menjunjung nilai-nilai lokal dan diharapkan dapat diterapkan secara nyata pada masa kini maupun mendatang. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif menggunakan tinjauan pustaka untuk mencari kata kunci yang akan dianalisis mengenai arsitektur kontekstual. Objek yang dianalisis adalah karya Thomas Karsten, yaitu Gedung Teater Rakyat Sobokartti, Pasar Gede Solo, dan Bangunan Jiwasraya Semarang. Aspek yang dianalisis adalah, hubungan bangunan dengan sekitar, aspek fisik, aspek non-fisik, dan sifat kontras/ harmonis. Dari ketiga bangunan, ditemukan persamaan dari rancangan yang kontekstual yaitu, (1) bangunan merupakan campuran dari arsitektur Belanda dan Jawa, (2) ada nilai budaya setempat yang diterapkan, (3) sifat harmonis yang dominan, dan (4) penyesuaian bangunan dengan iklim setempat. Kata kunci : Arsitektur Kontekstual; Thomas Karsten. Abstract_ The arrival of the Dutch to Indonesia was one of the factors that influence the diversity of Indonesian building styles. Dutch East Indies architecture entered Indonesia before World War II and was pioneered especially by Thomas Karsten and Henri Mecalien Pont. Thomas Karsten always pays attention to local culture and climate, the principles of contextual architecture. Contextual architecture strives to contribute to its surroundings by aligning the new building, by not forgetting the environment context where the building is built, especially the locality value. This study aims to learn Thomas Karsten's work on contextual design and is expected to be applied in real terms. Qualitative research method is used by doing a literature review to find keywords to be analyzed regarding contextual architecture. The objects analyzed are Thomas Karsten’s work, Sobokartti People's Theater Building, Gede Market Solo, and Jiwasraya Building Semarang. The analyzed aspects are the relationship of the building with the surroundings, the physical aspect, the non-physical aspect, and the contrast/harmonious trait. From the three buildings, there are similarities from the contextual design: (1) the mixture of Dutch and Javanese architecture, (2) local cultural values that are applied, (3) harmonious traits, and (4) building adjustments to local climate. Keywords : Contextual Architecture; Thomas Karsten.
Sagan area is one of the historical regions in Yogyakarta. This area has a characteristic of the Dutch colonial heritage that visitors can still feel when they are there. These characteristics then become the region's identity that can give a particular feeling or impression to visitors, or can be called a sense of place. A sense of place is an essential aspect of architecture so that a design is maintained. A sense of place is defined as the bond between place and humans, which can be obtained from a combination of physical settings, activities, and meaning. This study aims to identify aspects of the sense of place, as seen from visitor preferences. The thing observed is related to the activity, physical settings, and what is felt by visitors. By knowing the preferences of visitors, it is hoped that it can be used to create a sense of place that suits the demands of today's needs. This research was conducted qualitatively and exploratively using a grounded theory approach. Data is collected through open-ended questionnaires about what respondents experienced. The data is then processed qualitatively by the method of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. The results showed that aspects of the Sagan region's physical setting, which are still preserved in the form of simple indische architectural features and tropical architecture, are the dominant factors that can create a sense of place. But based on an analysis of visitor preferences, changes in building functions are also needed to strengthen the sense of place of the Sagan region. Building functions that fit the character of today's visitors help visitors to feel the physical setting typical of the Sagan region. Thus it can be concluded that the sense of place can not only be formed by preserving its physical settings but also needs to be conducted a review of human preferences as actors who play a role in it.
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