Background: Leukaemia is a malignant neoplasm characterized by clonal proliferation of white blood cells within the bone marrow. Despite an increase in the white blood cell count, the leukaemic leukocytes are non-functional. The oral complications arising in leukaemic patients can be attributed to the direct and indirect effects of immunosuppressive chemotherapy. Methods: This case report describes severe maxillary and mandibular necrotizing stomatitis and osteomyelitis in a young female patient after chemotherapy for acute leukaemia. On physical examination, the patient presented malnourished with pale skin, cervical lymphadenitis, frequent fever and generalized pain. The intra-oral clinical examination found halitosis, multiple ulcers, necrotizing stomatitis and osteomyelitis located in the maxillary and mandibular regions. The necrotizing stomatitis and osteomyelitis were treated locally with atraumatic removal of the necrotized tissues. The patient received a daily preventive protocol consisting of oral hygiene care, including twice daily brushing, and mouthrinses with a solution of chlorhexidine. She was also treated with systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin for 21 days. Results: During the course of management the patient's oral condition improved with some re-epithelialization being noted. However, severe alveolar bone destruction remained evident. Thirty-two months after presentation of the initial symptoms, the patient died due to complications related to leukaemia recurrence (haemorrhage, sepsis and respiratory distress syndrome). Conclusions: Dental monitoring during cancer treatment is imperative in order to emphasize the importance of dental plaque control and the maintenance of a healthy periodontal condition throughout medical treatment.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the biological responses resulting from the implantation of two types of experimental hydroxyapatite-Pure Ha (HaP) and Ha with collagen (HaCol) and compare them with a third type HaAlobone (commercial)on dorsal subcutaneous tissue of female rats. Methods: Forty-five animals were used (15 in each group), which were sacrificed 7, 15, and 30 days after operation. The specimens were fixed, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and then evaluated for inflammatory reactions with a light microscope. Results: The three experimental groups showed a high inflammatory response after 7 days. The inflammatory response was seen to decrease sharply after 15 days. After 30 days, the foreign body reactions were seen to reduce significantly, and an organized collagen tissue was observed. The results showed that the types of hydroxyapatite tested-HaP and HaColare biocompatible. When compared with the commercially available hydroxyapatite, these new biomaterials showed similar biocompatibility performance. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The new hydroxyapatite tested are considered biocompatible.
The aim of this study was to evaluatethe relations among: age, reasons for dental appointment, systemic conditions, use of medicines and periodontal disease, in patients assisted in the Periodontal Clinic at the Dental School of the Center of Higher Education of Campo Gerais (short Cescage – Ponta Grossa, Brazil), during 2007-2009. Material and methods: A total of 183 dental files were obtained and 100 were included in the study. Thefollowing tests were applied: student t, Mann-Whitney (quantitativevariables) and Qui-square (χ2) (qualitative variables). The level of significance adopted was of 5%. Results: The main reason for dentalappointment was not the need of periodontal treatment, but tooth pain and dental aesthetics. In relation to the systemic condition, women presented more systemic alterations in comparison with men, showing higher prevalence of diabetes and hypertension. In relationto the drugs, only 20% of men used systemic drugs, while 52% of women used them. Dental plaque showed similar percentage betweengenders, but bleeding on probing was lower in women. Concerning to periodontal disease the prevalence of pocket probing depth (until4 mm) was equivalent in both genders, and the buccal area of themouth showed a higher prevalence than the labial area. Considering periodontal pocket probing depth (7 mm or more), the result was similar in both genders and the buccal area of the mouth showedhigher prevalence that the labial area. Conclusion: Anamnesis andclinical examination accomplished in the periodontal clinic canestablish some demographic, clinical and systemic disease patterns related to the presence of the periodontal disease in patients seeking treatment at dental school clinics.
Background and Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate in vivo two new biomaterials for
bone substitution aiming to determining their ability to enable bone neoformation in critical-size defects in
rats’ calvaria.
Methods: Synthetic hydroxyapatite were developed – Pure hydroxyapatite (HaP) and Hydroxyapatite with
collagen (HCol). The third synthetic hydroxyapatite used as a comparing element was the commercial
hydroxyapatite Alobone® (HaAl). Sixty Wistar rats divided randomly into four groups (Group 1, HaP;
Group 2, HaCol; Group 3, HaAl and Group 4, Control). Critical size defects of 8mm were performed in the
calvaria, and the three biomaterials were implanted. All groups also received a collagen membrane.
Results: On day 30, the inflammatory response on the defect was practically absent in all groups, mainly
when compared to the period of 7 days. Some areas of bone neoformation were seen. There was
predominance of osteoblasts, osteocytes, and macrophages in lower amounts. Regarding the radiographic
aspect, after 30 days, a marked biodegradation of the hydroxyapatite and signs of bone neoformation were
observed.
Conclusions: It was concluded that the results of our study in vivo can be used as a preliminary source of
information about biocompatibility, biodegradability, and bone neoformation from the implant of new
biomaterials in vivo.
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