BackgroundMediastinitis is a severe surgical complication of low incidence, but high lethality. Scores used in the preoperative period to stratify the risk of postoperative mediastinitis may contribute to improve the results.ObjectiveTo test the applicability of the MagedanzSCORE in predicting the risk factors for mediastinitis in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting at a cardiology reference hospital.MethodsHistorical cohort study with adult patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting. The analyzed variables were contemplated in the MagedanzSCORE: reoperation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), obesity, class IV unstable angina, polytransfusion therapy, mediastinitis and death as outcome variables.ResultsOf the 1.322 patients examined, 56 (4.2%) developed mediastinitis. Of these, 26 (46.4%) were classified as high risk for mediastinitis and 15 (26.8%) at very high risk for mediastinitis. Three of the five variables of the Magendanz Score showed statistically significant differences: reoperation, COPD and obesity. Class IV unstable angina and postoperative polytransfusion were not associated with mediastinitis after coronary artery by-pass grafting. The area under the ROC curve was 0.80 (CI 95% 0.73 - 0.86), indicating the model's satisfactory ability to predict the occurrence of mediastinitis.ConclusionThe tool was useful in the preoperative assessment demonstrating the risk for mediastinitis in this population of intensive care patients.

Mouriri guianensis is a Brazilian endemic plant species distributed throughout the Amazon forest, Caatinga, Mata Atlântica and Cerrado domains, extending northward into Venezuela. The aim of this study was to describe the flowering phenology, floral biology and visitors associated with M. guianensis, highlighting the crepuscular bee species Megalopta amoena. Mouriri guianensis flowers from September to March. The flowering, the details of floral biology and the activities of floral visitors were observed for ten individual plants in December 2013, January-March 2014, September-December 2014 and JanuaryMarch 2015. The flowering peaks occurred in December 2013 and in November-December 2014. Bees were collected in January and February 2015. A total of 86 individuals belonging to six bee species were recorded visiting the flowers, with Xylocopa cearensis making more than one-half of the visits (60%), followed by Melipona subnitida and Megalopta amoena with 21.17% and 9.41% of the visits, respectively. The visitors showed activity peaks between 5:00 and 6:00 AM (66.27%). Buzz pollination was their predominant behavior. Megalopta amoena used its jaws to open the pore and the anther gland. Melipona subnitida used parts of the glands to seal the entrance to the colony. The visitors, except for Augochlopsis sp. and Trigona sp., are pollinators of M. guianensis. Plants having an extended anthesis can attract visitors both day and night. In this study, we present an example of a crepuscular pollination system. We suggest that blooming at twilight is a strategy used by the plant to escape unsuitable visitors. KEYWORDS: Pollination, insect-plant interaction, floral oil, crepuscular foraging. Um total de 86 indivíduos de seis espécies de abelhas foi registrado visitando as flores com Xylocopa cearensis realizando a maioria das visitas (60%), seguida por Melipona subnitida e Megalopta amoena com 21,17% e 9,41%, respectivamente. Os visitantes mostraram picos de atividade entre 5:00 -6:00 h (66,27%). O comportamento predominante foi o de vibração. Megalopta amoena utilizou suas mandíbulas para romper os poros da antera e glândula. Melipona subnitida utilizou partes das glândulas para a vedação da entrada da colônia. Os visitantes, a exceção de Augochlopsis sp. e Trigona sp., são polinizadores de M. guianensis. Plantas com longos períodos de antese podem atrair visitantes diurnos e noturnos. Aqui demonstramos um exemplo de sistema de polinização crepuscular, sugerindo que o fato florir durante o crepúsculo é uma estratégia da planta para escapar de visitantes inoportunos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Polinização, interação inseto-planta, óleo floral, forrageamento crepuscular. Flowering phenology of Mouriri guianensis (Melastomataceae) and its interaction with the crepuscular bee Megalopta amoena (Halictidae) in the restinga of Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, Brazil ACTA Fenologia da floração de

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O paricá (Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex Ducke) é considerado uma espécie de grande potencial para produção madeireira, pelo seu rápido crescimento, excelente adaptabilidade e pela qualidade da madeira.  Porém, pouco se conhece a respeito do seu desenvolvimento utilizando rizobactérias na fase de mudas oriundas de sementes. Diante disso, objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o controle de patógenos em sementes de paricá e a promoção de crescimento induzidas por rizobactérias. Deste modo, utilizou-se dois isolados de rizobactérias promotoras do crescimento de plantas, Pseudomonas sp. e Burkholderia sp..O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratório de Microbiologia e Saúde e em casa de vegetação da Universidade Estadual da Região Tocantina do Maranhão. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos e cinco repetições. Os tratamentos testados foram: sementes não microbiolizada (T1); sementes microbiolizadas com Pseudomonas sp. (T2); sementes microbiolizadas com Burkholderia sp. (T3); sementes microbiolizadas com Pseudomonas sp. e Burkholderia sp. (T4). Para o teste de sanidade de sementes foram usadas 400 sementes para análise de fitopatógenos, enquanto que para o teste in vitro foram usadas 200 sementes submetidas a microbiolização com as rizobactérias. Em casa de vegetação foram utilizadas 200 sementes, e as amostras foram analisadas quanto a germinação com 10, 20 e 30 dias, altura de plantas, comprimento radicular, diâmetro basal, biomassa fresca da parte aérea e da raiz  e biomassa seca da parte aérea e da raiz com 30 dias. Foram identificadas as espécies fúngicas: Penicillium sp., Aspergillus flavus, A. glaucus, A. niger, e Trichoderma sp. O tratamento T4 apresentou eficiência na redução total da incidência fúngica nas sementes de paricá. Foram constatadas correlações positivas entre o parâmetro controle de fitopatógenos em sementes de paricá e uso de rizobactérias, conquanto em casa de vegetação a inoculação de rizobactérias não promoveu significativamente o crescimento das plântulas.

Carotid stenosis is the narrowing of the carotid arteries due to atherosclerosis. Our goal in this study was to search for copy number variants (CNV) in the human genome which may be related to risk of plaque formation and rupture. We obtained DNA from age matched patients at Hospital das Clínicas, in Campinas. Our cohort is composed by 15 patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis and 15 with symptomatic carotid stenosis. All samples were genotyped using a SNP microarray and analysed. We identified various CNVs located in genes of the complement system, cytoskeletal remodelling and cell adhesion pathways. In our samples, we observed deletions in genes from both classical and lectin pathways of the complement system. Low levels of lectin binding mannose (MBL), is related to enhanced plaque formation. In addition, we found three patients with duplications in UPAR. The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor is part of the cytoskeletal remodelling pathway and has been previously associated to plaque rupture due to its increased expression in macrophages. Furthermore, we found a duplication in the PKC gene in one patient. It is known that Protein Kinase C, present at the cell adhesion pathway, when active stimulates the adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells, therefore accelerating plaque formation. Overall, our results indicate that genes related to plaque formation and rupture were either duplicated or deleted in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis.