No abstract

The present study investigates prospectively the validity and accuracy of the simplified Bernoulli equation in the duplex-derived determination of pressure gradients across iliac artery stenoses in patients with occlusive artery disease. In 28 patients (age range, 38 to 76 years; mean, 53 years) with short iliac artery stenoses, we obtained both duplex scan stenotic jet velocity and catheter pressure measurements. Mean and maximum pressure gradients were determined by both methods, as was the peak-to-peak catheter gradient. The correlation between the duplex-determined and nonsimultaneously measured catheter mean pressure gradients was r = 0.77 (standard error of the estimate [SEE] = 5 mm Hg), that between the duplex-derived and catheter-determined maximum pressure gradients was r = 0.80 (SEE = 10 mm Hg), and that between maximum duplex-determined and peak-to-peak catheter gradient was r = 0.76 (SEE = 12 mm Hg). The peak-to-peak catheter gradient was significantly lower than the maximum duplex-derived gradient (46 versus 53 mm Hg, P < 0.05). Duplex-determined mean pressure gradient decreased from 15 +/- 6 to 3 +/- 1 mm Hg after balloon angioplasty of the iliac stenoses. Duplex scan can be used to predict pressure gradients across short iliac artery stenoses, provided that errors caused by angle malcompensation are prevented.

No abstract

Azatadine (6-11-dibydro-11-[1-methyl-4-piperclyl-idene]-5H{5, 6}cyclohepta{1, 2-b}pyridine maleate (1:2}), a nitrogen analog of cyproheptadine has been studied for its antiallergy properties. It was compared in vivo and in vitro to cyproheptadine and seven (7) standard antihistamines: chlorpheniramine, promethazine, diphenhydramine, phenindamine, chloropyriline, tripelennamine and ehlorcylizine; an antiserotonin, methysergide; and an anticholinergic, atropine.Azatadine possesses potent antihistaminic, anticholinergie, antiserotinin and antianaphylactic properties. In vitro, azatadine's antihistamine potency is equal to chlorpheniramine, cyproheptadine, phenindamine, chloropyrilene and greater than the rest of the antihistamines studied. Its anticholinergic potency is 1/3 that of atropine, equal to promethazine and cyproheptadine and greater than the rest of the antihistamines studied. Its antiserotonin potency is 1/4 that of methysergide, equal to promethazine and greater than the rest of antihistamines studied.In vivo, azatadine's ability to protect guinea-pigs from histamine lethality (i.v.) and histamine-induced dyspnea is greater than all of the antihistamines studied. Its ability to protect guinea-pigs from acetylcholi~lr dyspnea is equal to atropine and greater than alOOf the antihistamines studied. Its ability to protect guinea-pigs from serotunininduced dyspnea is 1/6 that of cyproheptadine, 1/s that of methysergide and greater than all of the antihistamines studied.Azatadine is a more potent antianaphylactic agent and has greater therapeutic indices than eyproheptudine in both mice and guinea-pigs.

A 12 year old girl with severe arterial hypertension was found to have neurofibromatosis associated bilateral stenoses of the main renal arteries and elevated plasma renin activity in the right main renal vein. Antihypertensive treatment was unable to normalize blood pressure. PTA of the right renal artery from a left axillary approach resulted in normalization of blood pressure and peripheral plasma renin activity. PTA seems to be an effective and safe method for treatment even of complicated forms of renal artery stenosis.