A modern automated control system at electric power companies is a complex of many systems, modules and interfaces. One of the most important and, at the same time, vulnerable is the switching module, which is a set of devices and interfaces for transmitting, processing and analyzing data. The Modbus protocol is considered in this work as one of the most common interfaces for control systems at power plants. Its advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. Modern control interfaces are susceptible to cyber attacks, which poses a threat to the entire energy complex. The study of Modbus problems is considered, the main solutions for their elimination are proposed and analyzed in order to increase resistance to cyberthreats. A proprietary solution for modernizing the Modbus protocol was proposed based on the implementation of its own authentication mechanism, as well as data transmission using cryptographically strong encryption algorithms. General functional and structural schemes, as well as schemes that take into account the use of the proposed solution, have been formed. The calculation of the cryptographic strength of the proposed cryptography algorithms is made. Conclusions regarding the potential increase in resilience to cyber threats were formulated based on the data collected during the analysis.
Modern automated control systems in industrial and private enterprises are represented by a set of programmable logic devices and components from various manufacturers. They operate based on many of the most widely used protocols and interfaces. Some manufacturers have their own solutions that are mainly focused only on their product, without direct or indirect compatibility with third-party solutions. Many control systems used now operate on relatively old solutions that cannot be partially modernized due to lack of technical resources or financial unprofitability. The paper considers the most popular industrial protocols Modbus and Profibus, analyzes their advantages, as well as features of the structure and functionality. The study of the operation problems and information security of modern control systems is considered, solutions for their elimination are analyzed. A solution for the control systems modernization was proposed based on the analysis. It can become effective and financially justified due to its technical features, allowing it to be adapted to existing solutions. Conclusions about the effectiveness of the proposed solution were formulated based on the data collected and the goals achieved.
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