The article deals with the problem of data processing in wind turbines operation systems. The current status of wind power was analyzed, particularly the prospect of using wind turbines both onshore and offshore for generating electricity in the Black Sea region. Main attention was paid to actual statistical data processing received during the operation of wind turbines. Statistical model of times between failures and times to repairs was analyzed. This analysis made it possible to calculate the probability density function of availability. In addition, mathematical models that specify statistical data on q-q plot were made, which can be used for solving the forecasting problems. Index Terms-operation system, statistical data processing, mean time between failures, q-q plot
The use of renewable energy sources plays an irreplaceable role in remote areas where the power grid is not available. Photovoltaic power conversion (PV) and wind power conversion are the main types of renewable energy sources used. Hybrid systems are considered the most efficient solution for remote areas that are not connected to the centralized power grid. Renewable energy is attracting the attention of researchers around the world. The main challenge is to combine the various existing sources into a single model in order to benefit from each of them, while complementing each other's disadvantages. The possibilities of managing combined hybrid systems based on renewable energy sources are currently not thoroughly studied. To increase the generation of electrical energy and reduce losses during the operation of these systems, it is necessary to conduct research aimed at improving the interactions of individual nodes of the proposed generation systems and improving the calculation methods for hybrid power plants. The integrated use of solar and wind generation systems can significantly improve energy performance and increase the generation of electrical energy. This paper proposes a method for integrating a solar photovoltaic system, a wind turbine, and a diesel generator connected to a load. An additional load is also connected to the system to absorb excess power. The hybrid system model was developed in MATLAB / Simulink. A controller based on an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system was developed and the system analyzed in terms of energy production and consumption. The results obtained show the degree of increase in the reliability and stability of the system.
When photovoltaic stations operate, providing large populated areas of the planet, and generating significant amounts of electrical energy, problems often arise due to the inconstancy of the flux of incident solar radiation. This leads to failures in the operation of electrical networks and rapid wear of equipment. By equipping such facilities with new systems for the control and monitoring of photovoltaic parameters, it is possible to significantly increase the generation of electrical energy supplied to the general or local power system, and improve the efficiency of the electrical installations located at the solar power plant. The proposed work presents a general approach to modeling and controlling the operation of photovoltaic systems (PV systems). The necessary data for modeling are provided by manufacturers in the form of tables. The processing of this data provides experimenters and engineers with a convenient way to investigate the problems of integrating photovoltaic systems into uninterruptible generation installations to supply individual consumers. The two-stage power conversion system (PCS) proposed in this article works in conjunction with a photovoltaic generating system. The electrical energy storage system (BESS system) uses rechargeable batteries and can be connected to the DC circuit by means of a bidirectional converter. Thus, the BESS system may provide some auxiliary services that may be needed to improve operational efficiency during the generation process. This article describes a special system of uninterrupted operation (FRT-system), which allows you to create the possibility of uninterrupted operation and the generation of electrical energy by the generation system, in case of incorrect operation of individual nodes (for example, with partial shading of solar modules). The operation of an integrated generation system, an electric energy storage system (BESS-system) and a photovoltaic system (PV-system), together with the corresponding control systems simulated on Matlab platforms and the simulation results confirm the efficiency of the controller. When introducing the proposed systems at existing and under construction solar power plants (SPP), it is possible to significantly improve the efficiency of their work and increase the generation of electricity for consumers.
Modern automated control systems in industrial and private enterprises are represented by a set of programmable logic devices and components from various manufacturers. They operate based on many of the most widely used protocols and interfaces. Some manufacturers have their own solutions that are mainly focused only on their product, without direct or indirect compatibility with third-party solutions. Many control systems used now operate on relatively old solutions that cannot be partially modernized due to lack of technical resources or financial unprofitability. The paper considers the most popular industrial protocols Modbus and Profibus, analyzes their advantages, as well as features of the structure and functionality. The study of the operation problems and information security of modern control systems is considered, solutions for their elimination are analyzed. A solution for the control systems modernization was proposed based on the analysis. It can become effective and financially justified due to its technical features, allowing it to be adapted to existing solutions. Conclusions about the effectiveness of the proposed solution were formulated based on the data collected and the goals achieved.
The potential for using wave energy is very high. According to various estimates, the energy of the world’s ocean waves can range from 146 TWh/year to 29,500 TWh/year. A number of mathematical models have been developed for the wave parameters analysis. The mathematical description of wave behaviour is a very complex process. Not least this is due to the complexity of the interaction of the wind that forms the waves with the water surface. As for the Black Sea, the mean annual wave power flux in this region can reach 4.8 kW/m. Such conclusions were made on the basis of modelling; the input was data on bathymetry of the region, wind speed and its direction. The obtained results on significant wave height, wave length and period were compared with the data obtained from the satellite. Many devices that convert wave energy into electrical energy have been developed. The choice of a particular device is based on a number of factors, including the installation site characteristics, weather conditions and economic opportunities. The article proposes a simple mathematical model of a wave, representing it in the form of a sinusoid. It is possible to estimate the wave energy conversion theoretical potential in a given region by analysing the obtained values of the energy received by the converter working surface (for example, turbine blade) after interacting with the wave. Calculations were carried out using the parameters of the Black Sea waves near the Crimean peninsula in winter.
The article provides data on the generation and consumption of electricity by a wind farm. To maintain the operability of the wind farm, it is connected to the general grid of the power system, not only for the output of generated electricity, but also for the consumption of the necessary electricity to start the operation of wind turbines. Electricity generation, payback and net profit of a wind power plant of 12 wind turbines were estimated. Subject of study. Wind power plants and their efficiency. Materials and methods. The theoretical and methodological basis is the works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of wind energy. In the work, analytical research methods were used, including predictive calculation of the annual energy production of wind turbines. Conclusions. The instability of electricity generation using renewable energy generating units is a serious problem that affects the cost of energy produced. According to the calculations, in 14 years, provided the electricity price is equal to 1.8 rubles, the power plant will recoup the investment and begin to generate net income. The correlation coefficient was determined, which was 0.94.
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